Principles of Management CLEP
Allison Whisler Sun Apr 07 22:42:20 CDT 2013 bureaucracy Principles proposed by Weber to make office work more professional.
Hiring based on qualifications not personal connections.
Written documentation classical approach the first studies of management, which emphasized rationality and making organizations and workers as efficient as possible. closed systems
A system that is not influenced by and does not interact with its environment
Contingency Approach what is effective is contingent upon the situation. Situational features determine what works best.
McGregor
Theory X and Y
Workers will fulfill whatever attitude managers have toward them.
Taylor
scientific management time & motion studies hiring workers best suited for the tasks offering incentives to workers going above the standard establishment of specialized departments job simplification, accused of "taking the soul out of work"
Hawthorne Studies
-How lighting impacts productivity.
-Created "Hawthorne Effect"
-Discovered the effect of the informal system of group dynamics to sanction some behaviors and limit others.
Fayol
Former manager, administrative management.
14 Principles of Management
Weber
bureacracy
Open Systems
Require inputs from the enviroment. Long term success requires looking into the enviroment for developments
Scientific management studying work in a systematic manner in order to find a more rational way of conducting work.
Theory X and Theory Y
McGregor
Theories represent manager's attitudes toward workers.
Theory X - workers lazy, shirk responsibility
Theory Y- workers will accept responsibility, strive to improve
Workers will fulfill whatever attitude managers have toward them.
Contingency Plan having a plan for unexpected events
Policies
general descriptions of expected behavior procedures steps to be taken in various circumstances and areas of conduct. single-use plans specify specific activities to achieve a specific purpose. Not likely to be repeated srategy standing plans guidelines for handling recurring events. policies & procedures social responsibility involveds choices between social & financial outcomes.
What obligations or duties do firms have to society? chain of command links each employee to a manager who is linked to another manager until the chain reaches the most senior manager decentralization structures where authority for decision making is at lower levels
Flat Structure wide span, horizontally dispersed with fewer hierarchical levels functional authority group people according to the basic functions of the business they perform. line position make a product or deliver a service organizational chart rectangles showing departments/units with lines showing connections and formal authority relationships specialization performing a small set of tasks, greater volume in productivity can be achieved. described in Adam Smith's "The Wealth of