Scientific revolution ; was the emergence of modern science during the early modern period, when developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology Galileo galilei ; was an Italian astronomer, physicist, engineer, philosopher, and mathematician who played a major role in the scientific revolution during the Renaissance. Francis bacon ; was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, orator, essayist and author. He served both as Attorney General and Lord Chancellor of England. Scientific method ; is a way to ask and answer scientific questions by making observations and doing experiments. Isaac newton ; was an English physicist and mathematician who is widely recognised as one of the most influential scientists of all time and as a key figure in the scientific revolution. Enlightenment ;a European intellectual movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition. It was heavily influenced by 17th­century philosophers such as Descartes, Locke, and Newton, and its prominent exponents include Kant, Goethe, Voltaire,
Rousseau, and Adam Smith. Social Contract ;is a theory or model, originating during the Age of Enlightenment, that typically addresses the questions of the origin of society and the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual. John Locke ;, was an English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most influential of
Enlightenment thinkers and known as the "Father of Classical Liberalism". Philosphe ; were the intellectuals of the 18th century Enlightenment. Few were primarily philosophers; rather,philosophes were public intellectuals who applied reason to the study of many areas of learning, including philosophy, history, science, politics, economics, and social issues. Voltaire ; was a French
Enlightenment
writer, historian, and philosopher famous for his wit, his attacks on the established Catholic Church, and his advocacy of freedom of religion
, freedom of expression
,
and separation of church and state
.

Montesquieu ; was a French lawyer, man of letters, and political philosopher who lived during the Age of Enlightenment. Rousseau ; was a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of the 18th century. His political philosophy influenced the French Revolution as well as the overall development of modern political, sociological, and educational thought.

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