Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Plantae

Plants Cells & Tissues

Cell Type | Function | Where Found | Parenchyma | Photosynthesis | Ground Tissue | Collenchyma | Support | Ground Tissue | Sclerenchyma | Seeds | Ground Tissue |

The 3 types of plant tissues are: dermal, ground, and vascular.

List the 2 types of vascular tissue and give the function of each.
Xylem transports waters and minerals.
Phloem transports photosynthetic products.

The dermal tissue is the tissue system that covers the outside of the plant.
The vascular tissue is the tissue system that transports materials in the plant.
The ground tissue is the tissue system that makes up most of the inside of the plant.

The Vascular System

Define the 4 vocab works on page 666.
Lignin-a complex molecule that resists water and gives word much of its strength.
Vessel element-type of xylem cell that forms part of a continuous tube through which water can move.
Sieve tube elements-continuous tube through the plant phloem cells, which are, arranged end to end.
Companion cells-in plants, phloem cell that surrounds the sieve tube elements.

The combination of what 2 forces responsible for the movement of fluids through xylem: transpiration and capillary action.

Draw and label fig 23.21 on page 687.

Sugars move from the source to the sink.
An example of a source is leafs and a sink can be roots.
Water moves from xylem into phloem.
Roots

Four main functions of roots are: support a plant, anchor it in the group, store food, and absorb water and dissolved nutrients from the soil.

Draw & label fig 23.6 on pg. 670.

How do root hairs help a plant?
They penetrate the spaces between soil particles and produce a large surface area that allows water and minerals to enter the plant.

Describe the difference between taproot & fibrous root. Give an example of each.
Taproot systems have 1 main root and fibrous root systems have fine branches. Taproots are found mainly in dicots, while fibrous roots are found mainly in monocots.

What is the function of the casparian strip?
Water proof strip that surrounds plant endodermal cells and is involved in the one-way passage of materials into the vascular cylinder in plant roots.

List five major nutrients needed by a plant.
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and calcium.

Stems

Three functions of stems are: produces leaves, branches, and flowers; hold leaves up to the sun; and transport substances throughout the plant.

What is a vascular bundle?
Clusters of xylem and phloem tissues in stems.
How is this arranged in a monocot?
They are scattered throughout the ground tissue.
How is this arranged in a dicot?
They are generally arranged in an organized, ring like pattern.

Growth that makes stems grow taller or roots grow longer is called primary growth.

Growth that makes stems and roots of woody plants grow wider is called secondary growth.

Draw & label the growth diagram for all three years on page 676-677.

Which type of growth is responsible for tree rings? What does counting these rings tell us?
Secondary growth is responsible for tree rings. Counting these rings tell us the age of the tree.

Leave

Draw and label the cross section of a leaf.

Draw and label fig 23-16.

What do guard cells regulate?
Movement of gases, especially water vapor and carbon dioxide, into and out of leaf tissues.

What cells within the leaf are responsible for photosynthesis?
Mesophyll

Plant Life Cycle

What is the alternation of generations?
Life cycle that has two alternating phases-a haploid (N) phase and diploid (2N) phase.

Draw and label figure 22-5.

The characteristics of a sporophyte are: spore-producing plant; the multicellular diploid phase of a plant life cycle.

The characteristics of a gametophyte are: gamete-producing plant; the multicellular haploid phase of a plant life cycle.

Plant Type | Example | Dominant Life