Louisiana Purchase * Jefferson bought from Napoleon * Rockies to Mississippi River * Doubled land mass of the US
Lewis & Clark * Sent to explore new land * Brought back word of free, abundant land available to white males
Eli Whitney * Invented the cotton gin * Savannah, GA * English tutor
Cotton Gin * Made cotton profitable * Cotton is the most important cause of Western expansion
Cyrus Hall McCormick * Invented the reaper * Used to cut more grain
Samuel Morse * Invented morse code
Patents
* Copyrights for inventions * By 1850- 2,525 per year were given out
Steamboats
* First successful sail was at the Hudson river * It could travel against the current * Could travel in shallow water
Erie Canal (1825) * Linked Albany to buffalo * Canals connected rivers for convience
Economic Nationalism * 1820 Era of good feelings * One party government * Not by state but by Nation
Trade Flow * First factor that lead to sectionalism * North and south could trade goods through the Mississippi river * Through the eerie canal people had access to New York and New Orleans but people chose New York and this caused a East to West trade flow * The north and south began separating into sections because of this and railroads
Missouri Crisis * Missouri wanted to become part of the union but it was a slave state but it would create an uneven balance of slave v free states. * Missouri was blocked at first even though they had all the requirements * Lead to sectionalism and a shift of balance of slavery.
“Firebell in the Night” * Thomas Jefferson’s quote on the expansion of slavery and the issue it would become. * “This momentous question like a fire bell in the night awakened my soul and filled me with dread. I considered it at once the knell of the union.”
James Tallmadge, Jr. * Proposed that we accept Missouri into the union if * We bring Missouri in as a slave state * No more slaves allowed in * And once the slave children turned 25 they were set free * This was rejected
Henry Clay * Proposed that we accept Missouri into the union if * We bring Missouri in as a slave state and maine in as a free state * 36 30 line * This is now called the Missouri compromise and the compromise of 1820
36° 30' * Clays proposal of slaves allowed under the line and denied above the line
Protective Tariff * Jackson wanted to propose high import tax so people would buy domestic items * Calhoun, senator of south Carolina disagreed
And proposed nullification * Nullification is states can rule out laws they don’t like * Jackson got the US army involved * And south Carolina backs down
Reform
* Change for the better as seen through the eyes of the reformer
Charles G. Finney * Argued that growth comes at a cost. “we have lost family values and are too focused on money”
Temperance
* Preacher like finney tried to convience people not to drink alcohol because * Soldiers of the cross should not get drunk * It was bad for your health * Bad for the economy * Lead to spouse and child abuse * This reform fails
Auburn Penitentiary System * Dorothea Dix argued that mental illness wasn’t curable but it was treatable. * She argued that “lunetics” should be in a mental hospital not jail * 22 mental hospitals were added by the civil war
Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony * Argued that men and women were equal
Seneca Falls Convention (1848) * Convention for womens rights. * Still have convention there today * This reform failed but led to 19th amendment
American Colonization Society * Argued that slaves should be set free and colonized somewhere else. * It was gradual. Ex. 1500 out of 4 million were set free * Southerners went along with it so they