Associate Program Material

Cell Energy Worksheet

Answer the following questions:

Cellular respiration:

• What is cellular respiration and what are its three stages?
It is the process when food molecules are released and partially captured in the form ATP The three stages are glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation

• What is the role of glycolysis? Include the reactants and the products. Where does it occur?
Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol, this process converts one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, and makes energy in the form of two molecules of ATP. There are four molecules of ATP per glucose are produced in this process.
Reactants - 1 glucose molecule + 2 ATP Products - 2 pyruvate 2 net ATP 2 NADH Occurs - in the cytoplasm of a cell

• What is the role of the citric acid cycle? Include the reactants and the products. Where does it occur? the citric acid cycle, also called the Krebs stage is the complete oxidation of glucose. It is when energy is being created by the conversion of carbohydrates and fats into carbon dioxide and water reactants - 2 acetyl CoA 2 oxaloacete products - 4 carbon dioxide 6 NADH, 2 FADH Occurs - mitochondrial matrix

• What is the role of the electron transport system? Include the reactants and the products. Where does it occur? to create a electro chemical proton gradient across a membrane. This is done when high energy electron are transferred between molecules in the membrane. Every transfer causes the electron to loose some energy that is used to pump protons across the membrane. It occurs in the mitochondria membrane reactant - 8 - 10 NADH 2 - 4 FADH product - 32 -34 ATP Occurs - cristae of mitochondria

Photosynthesis:

• What is the overall goal of photosynthesis? the main goal is to convert light energy into chemical energy and store it into the bonds of sugar. This makes food for plants to grow

• Because photosynthesis only occurs in plants, why is it essential to animal life? plants use photosynthesis to make energy to live. Then animals eat the plants for energy and then release the energy stored in the plants through respiration.

• What is the role of the light reactions? Include the reactants and the products. Where does it occur? to use energy carrying molecules NADPH and ATP from sunlight to drive light-independent reactions. It occurs on the thykaloid membrane of the chloroplast

• What is the role of the Calvin cycle? Include the reactants and the products. Where does it occur?
ATP and NADPH produced