Tissues
1. Muscle Ca+ ions controls muscle contractions of all muscle types
2. Nervous
3. Epithelial function: gas exchange, reabsorption, cleaning of the respiratory system
4. Connective Tissues
Muscle Tissue:
a contractile tissue of the body and is derived from the MESODERMAL layer of embryonic germ cells. It is classified as skeletal, cardiac, or smooth muscle, and its function is to produce force and cause motion, either locomotion or movement within internal organs
Skeletal muscle: is a type of striated muscle, usually attached to the skeleton. Skeletal muscles are used to create movement, by applying force to bones and joints; via contraction
Smooth muscle: found within he walls of organs and structures, such as the esophagus, stomach, intestines, bronchi, uterus, urethra, bladder, and blood vessels. (lumen of GI tract, respiratory, blood vessels) Smooth muscle unlike skeletal is NOT under conscious control. Smooth muscle is controlled by autonomic nervous system
Cardiac muscle: involuntary muscle but is specialized kind of muscle found only within heart. Myocardia requires MORE ATP for muscular contraction and movement of blood. Ergo lots of mitochondria which is required to pump large amounts of blood into the aorta, then body. (Controlled by ANS)
Clinical Point: If the patient has hypocalcaemia the muscle will not contract.
Hypocalcaemia affects blood pressure by keeping the heart muscle in perpetual contraction.
Nervous Tissue:
Nervous tissue is specialized to react to stimuli and to conduct impulses to various organs in the body which bring about a response to the stimulus.
Nerve tissue ( as in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves that branch throughout the body) are all made up of specialized nerve cells called neurons.
Neurons are easily stimulated and transmit impulses very rapidly
axon carries the neurotransmitter which is produced by the cell body. They can either be stimulators or inhibitors. Synapse can occur between a neuron and muscle cell or another neuron.
A nerve is made up of many nerve cell fibers (neurons) bound together by connective tissue. A sheath of dense connective tissue, the epineurium surrounds the nerve. This sheath penetrates the nerve to form the perineurium which surrounds bundles of nerve fibers. Blood vessels of various sizes can be seen in the epineurium.
The endoneurium which consists of a thin layer of loose connective tissue surrounds the individual nerve fibers.
Epithelial Tissue:
1. Protection: epithelial cells from the SKIN protect underlying tissue from mechanical injury, harmful chemicals, invading bacteria and from excessive water.
2. Sensation Sensory stimuli: penetrate specialized epithelial cells. Specialized epithelial tissue containing sensory nerve endings is found in the skin, eyes, ears, nose and on the tongue.
3. Secretion in glands: epithelial tissue is specialized to secrete specific chemical substances such as enzymes, hormones.
4. Absorption: certain epithelial cells lining the small intestine ABSORB nutrients from the digestion of food
5. Excretion: epithelial tissues in the kidney excrete waste products from the body and reabsorb needed materials from the urine. Sweat is also excreted from the body by epithelial cells in the sweat glands.
6. Diffusion: simple epithelium promotes the diffusion of gases, liquids and nutrients. Because they form such a thin lining, they are ideal for diffusion of gases (eg. Walls of capillaries and lungs)
7. Cleaning: ciliated epithelium assists in removing dust particles and foreign bodies which have entered the air passages
8. Reduces friction: The smooth, tightly-interlocking, epithelial cells that line the entire circulatory system reduce friction between the blood and the walls of the blood vessels.
Epithelia are sheets of cells that cover body surfaces and cavities. Their function is to protect the body (such as skin) or sensory reception such as olfactory epithelial
Related Documents: Tissues: Epithelium and Connective Tissue Essay
241 2-1 Lecture Notes 4: Tissue: The Living Fabric-the underlined objectives you need to know well. The others you shoulod be able to speak intelligently to. Objectives Preparing Human Tissue for Microscopy 1. List the steps involved in preparing animal tissue for microscopic viewing. Epithelial Tissue 2. List several structural and functional characteristics of epithelial tissue. 3. Name, classify, and describe the various types of epithelia, and indicate their chief function(s)…
– that can make us truly unique. Tissues are groups of similar cells working together to perform a specific function and are the living fabric that holds together the human design. In this course, you will examine the four main classifications of tissue – epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous – in more detail as we examine their specific role in human body systems. This activity will provide an introduction to bone, muscle and fat, all types of tissue that contribute to the framework of the…
Types of Tissue in the body: 1. Epithelial tissues - are widespread throughout the body. They form the covering of all body surfaces, line body cavities and hollow organs, and are the major tissue in glands. They perform a variety of functions that include protection, secretion, absorption, excretion, filtration, diffusion, and sensory reception. 2. Connective tissues - bind structures together, form a framework and support for organs and the body as whole, store fat, transport substances, protect…
machine that repairs itself. Tissue maintenance, damage, and repair in healthcare. • Nervous tissue can be best described as tissue that allows for communication through chemical and electrical signals. • Epithelial is the type of tissue that covers the body and most of the organs. • The muscle is the type of tissue that contracts and relaxes • The Epithelium is the type of tissue that can be found in the salivary gland • The cartilage is connective tissue that gives shape to structures…
Epithelium forms continuous layers of cells that cover surfaces and line cavities of the body. These cavities include the closed peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities, where the epithelium is called mesothelium, and open organ cavities, i.e. digestive, respiratory, and urogenital organs, which connect with the outside. In addition, epithelium lines the cardiovascular and lymph passageways as endothelium. The parenchymal (secretory) cells of glands (e.g. sweat, salivary) are also epithelium…
Chapter 5 Histology I. The Study of Tissues (pp. 152–154) A. Histology is the study of tissues and how they are arranged into organs. (p. 152) B. A tissue is a group of similar cells and cell products that arise from the same region of the embryo and work together to perform a specific role. (p. 152) 1. The four primary tissues are epithelial, connective, nervous, and muscular tissue. (Table 5.1) 2. These tissues differ in the types and functions of their…
Study Guide 1. List the 4 primary tissue types and give the general characteristics and functions of each one. • Epithelial tissue- Makes up the lining, covering, and glandular tissue of the body. Functions- protection, absorption, filtration, and secretion. • Connective tissue- found everywhere, most abundant tissue type. Function- connects the body parts. • Muscle tissue- attached to bone, striated. Functions- voluntary, helps with movement. • Nervous tissue- composed of neurons. Function- control…
Types of Tissues Epithelial Squamous Squamous cells have the appearance of thin, flat plates. The shape of the nucleus usually corresponds to the cell form and help to identify the type of epithelium. Squamous cells, for example, tend to have horizontal flattened, elliptical nuclei because of the thin flattened form of the cell. They form the lining of cavities such as the mouth, blood vessels, heart and lungs and make up the outer layers of the skin. Simple Cuboidal As their name implies…
Classification of Tissue Grozdena Yilmaz BIO 150 Lab 3 Tissue • Tissue—a group of similar cells and cell products that arise from the same region of the embryo and work together to perform a specific structural or physiological role in an organ • Organ—structure with discrete boundaries that is composed of two or more tissue types • Histology- the study of tissues is called Tissue • Types of tissues • Epithelial- covers the body's external and internal surfaces and most glands • Connective- binds and…