Histology

Exercise 1: Epithelial Tissue

Data Table 1- Epithelial Tissue Observations

TISSUE TYPE

OBSERVATIONS
Simple Squamous
Small air sac , flat cells
Simple Cuboidal
Oval to round shape, single layer cell
Simple Columnar (stomach)
Connective tissue, single layer cells
Simple Columnar (duodenum)
Long cells, large nuclei
Stratified Squamous (keratinized)
Keratinized cells, multiple layer cells
Stratified Squamous (non-keratinized)
Thin layer cells
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar
Connective tissue
Transitional
Oval shape, thin layer cells
Stratified Cuboidal (online)
Oval shape, uneven layer cells
Stratified Columnar (online)
Long shape cells

Questions:

A. Why is the study of histology important in your overall understanding of anatomy and physiology?
It studies the tissues of the body and is important to help us understand the structure and function of the organs and how they are related.

B. How are epithelial tissues named? Is named based on arrangement and by the shape.

C. Why are some epithelial tissues stratified?
Is a formation into layers or groups of tissues that provides supplementary support for some organs.

D. Unlike squamous cells, cuboidal and columnar cells have large, open cytoplasms. Which of the functions of epithelial tissue are supported by having such big cells?
Secretion, Absorption which allows storing and diffusing substances all the way through the tissue.

E. Look at the following diagrams and identify each type of epithelial tissue:

1. Simple squamos epithelium

2. Simple Columnar epithelium

3. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

4. Stratified Squamos epithelium

Exercise 2: Connective Tissue

Data Table 2 - Connective Tissue

Tissue
Amount and Shape of Cells

Amount of Matrix
Are there fibers? If so, are they parallel or scattered?
Mesenchyme (online)
Small amount, oval shape
22%
Some of both
Aerolar (online)
Small amount, circular shape
35%
Some of both
Adipose (online)
Small amount, oval extended shape
None
No fibers
Dense Irregular (online)
Small amount, oval shape
30%
Some of both
Reticular
Half amount, star shape
35%-40%
Scattered fibers
Dense Regular: Tendon
Large amount
None
Parallel fibers
Hyaline Cartilage
Large amount, oval shape
35%
None
Elastic Cartilage
Many oval and round shape
60%
Scattered fibers
Fibrocartilage
Many round shapes
30%
Parallel fibers
Compact Bone
High amount, round cells
80%
Parallel fibers
Human Blood
High amount
90%
none

Questions:

A. What is the primary function of connective tissue?
Binds the tissue together, supporting and protecting them.

B. What can the shape of the cells in a particular type of tissue tell about the function of that tissue?
The shape of the cell can tells us the function of the tissue and might help with the location also.

C. What is matrix? Why do some tissues have more matrix than others?
Is the material or tissue surrounding the cell. It protects by coating the cell with more layers of matrix material.

D. What do collagen fibers provide?
Flexibility and firmness.

E. Tendons, ligaments and cartilage have limited blood supply. Explain how this might affect the ability