Literature Review Health Promotion

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Review of Literature: Health Promotion 2 Health promotion is an essential health care issue that should be implemented by all members of the health care team (Hosseini, Torab, Taghdisi, & Vardanjani, 2013). Nurses play a critical role in health promotion for patients, family, and community because we provide direct patient care and are able to see the whole picture of the client’s situation. The population of people with chronic illness is increasing and the health care needs of clients is trending in an upward fashion (Jadelhack, 2012). As members of the health care field, it is critical that nurses take a proactive approach in preventing the increasing trend of chronic, complex illnesses by promoting health for our patients, family, and the community. There are three levels of health promotion that nurses can focus on including primary, secondary, and tertiary which will improve the health care system and the health of our society (Godwin, 2010). Implementing health promotion process gives people the opportunity to take control over actions and gives them the tools to improve lifestyle behaviors in order to optimize health (Jadelhack, 2012). The framework for health promotion is comprised of theories that include behavior, social sciences, and evidence based research (Edelman, Kudzma, & Mandle, 2014). Health promotion includes proactive participation at all levels of society and requires a multi-faceted approach by health care team members (Edelman, Kudzma, & Mandle, 2014). By providing effective health promotion, the overall health of society is improved and costs related to chronic illness are reduced (Jadelhack, 2012). Nurses must promote health through education, develop strategies to improve socio-environmental factors by participating in healthcare policy development and networking within the community (Richard, et al., 2010).
Review of Literature: Health Promotion 3
Nurses make up the largest population of healthcare workers that provide direct care to patients, therefore they have a critical role in educating the patient to improve health (Hosseini, Torab, Taghdisi, & Vardanjani, 2013). Nursing roles in health promotion include education on disease prevention, slowing or stopping disease progression, and changes in lifestyle to optimize health (Godwin, 2010). Education provided by nurses takes place in variety of settings including schools, communities, work sites, homes, acute care facilities, and long term facilities. Health education includes teaching people healthy living, reduction of risk factors, developmental factors, healthy behaviors, preventive care, and health resources. (Edelman, Kudzma, & Mandle, 2014). Taking a holistic approach by assessing the client’s cultural, emotional, spiritual, physical, and environmental needs is essential health education as well as understanding the client’s learning styles (Povlsen, 2011).
With the healthcare system ever evolving, nursing roles and responsibilities are changing. Nurses act as patient advocates, care deliverers and managers, consultants, healers, and researchers to improve patient outcomes and contribute to improvement of the health care system (Edelman, Kudzma, & Mandle, 2014). In order to meet the demands of the increase in the population of people with chronic illness, nurses must engage in ongoing evidence based research and evaluation to develop effective strategies for health promotion (Edelman, Kudzma, & Mandle, 2014). With more knowledge obtained through data collection the research of the disease process, more effective preventative measures have been discovered and continue to be implemented over time (Richard, et al., 2010). To continue to improve the overall health of society, nurses must continue to identify health improvement
Review of Literature: Health Promotion 4 priorities; improve public understanding of factors of health, disease, and disability; provide objectives and goals for the public