Chapter 13 Vocabulary

1. RNA-is a nucleic acid that consists of a long chain of nucleotides 2. Messenger RNA- type of RNA that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to rest of the cell 3. Ribosomal RNA-type of RNA that combines with proteins to form Ribosomes 4. Transfer RNA-type of RNA that carries each amino acid to a ribosome during protein synthesis 5. Transcription-synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template 6. RNA Polymerase_ enzyme that links together the growing chain of RNA nucleotides during transcription using a DNA strand as a template 7. Promoters- specific region of a gene where RNA polymerase can bind and begin transcription 8. Introns-sequence of DNA that is not involved in coding for a protein 9. Exons-Expressed sequence of DNA; codes for a protein 10. Polypeptides- long chains of amino acids that makes proteins 11. Genetic Code- collection of codons of mRNA, each of which directs the incorporations of a particular amino acid into a protein during protein synthesis 12. Codon- group of 3 nucleotides bases in mRNA that specify a particular amino acid to be incorporated into a protein 13. Translations- process by which the sequence of bases of an mRNA is converted into the sequence of amino acids of a protein 14. Anticodon-group of 3 bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to the 3 bases of a codon of mRNA 15. Gene expression-