Summary
Calcination- a thermal decomposition process without any interaction with a gaseous phase.

Electrolysis- the reaction of either oxidation or reduction taking place at the surface of conductive electrodes immersed in an electrolyte under the influence of an applied potential

Catalysis- a modification of the mechanism and rate of a chemical reaction. Catalysis can be either selective or versatile.

Hydrolysis- the reaction of a salt with water to produce both an acid and base.

Microwave Discharge- high frequency microwave power used to establish plasma or gaseous discharge in which neutral molecules are partially decomposed into metastable, free radical and ionic species.

Neutralization- a reaction that adjusts either acid or base by addition of the other to achieve a pH of 7 (pH <7 is acidic). Can be in liquid or gaseous phase or both.

Precipitation- involves the alteration of the ionic equilibrium to produce insoluble precipitates.

Biological processes also involve chemical reactions but differentiated from the chemical category in that these reactions take place in or around microorganisms.

Activated Sludge- a process that uses microorganisms to decompose organics

Aerated Lagoon- an earthen basin that is artificially aerated.

Composting – an aerobic digestion by microorganisms in the soil.

Physical treatment can be divided into Phase separation and Component separation

Distillation- liquid phase separation process.

Evaporation- used in both water desalination and the treatment of hazardous waste.

Filtration- Liquid and solid separation used in wastewater, sludges and non-aqueous solutions.

Ultra filtration- a process used on aqueous wastewaters to remove both dissolved and suspended that are difficult to remove by other methods.

Ultimate Disposal the final process in the treatment and