DNA a. Structure: Nucleotide Hydrogen Bond -Phosphate -Sugar -Nitrogen Base
b. Replication: DNA copies itself exactly and occurs within the Nucleus. A mistake that occurs in called Mutation (chromosomal Mutation). (C-G) (A-T) DNA polymerase is the enzymes involved Know what each person discovered: Griffith: coined the term transforming principle-(DNA that is transferred from one individual to another in genetic transformation ) Avery: discovered the transforming agent - (DNA) Hershey and Chase: DNA is a molecule of heredity Chargaff: found that certain nucleotides always paired together Franklin: found DNA had a 3D structure Watson and Crick: discovered the double helix .. used Franklin’s work d. Vocabulary: Nitrogen Base: Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), and Thymine (T).
A binds with T
G binds with C
Phosphate Group: DNA consists of 2 long polymers of simple units called nucleotides, with backbones made up of alternating sugars and phosphates
Sugar:
Deoxyribose: Sugar present in DNA
Ribose: Sugar Present in RNA
Hydrogen Bond: joins the 2 chains and nucleotides together. 3 bonds between C-G and 2 bonds between A-T
Cytosine: C, one of the 4 main bases found in DNA. It bonds with Guanine
Adenine: A, one of the 4 main bases found in DNA. It bonds with Thymine
Thymine: T, one of the 4 main bases found in DNA. It bonds with Adenine
Guanine: G, one of the 4 main bases
DNA & Protein Study Guide (chapter 12.1 & 12.2) Name ____________________ Date _________ Period ______ Describe DNA. 1. The structure of DNA is said to be a ___________ ______________. 2. ______________ & ____________ groups run along the backbone (sides) of DNA. 3. ______________ _____________ make up the “rungs” (steps) of the DNA ladder. 4. The complementary base pairs that join together are _____________ with ______________ and _______________ with _______________ (write out…
BIO STUDY GUIDE (DNA) DNA STRUCTURE/DNA REPLICATION 6-Watson and Crick: Used Franklin’s and Chargaff’s info to make the first ever accurate DNA model 1-DNA is double helix and is built from nucleotides which consist of a phosphate, a base, and a sugar. The bases include G,C,A,T which are connected by hydrogen bonds. DNA polymerase is also located behind the DNA where bases connect to each other. 4/8-A=T and G=C only these combinations can form hydrogen bonds. 4-A nucleotide consists of a…
DNA and Genes Study Guide DNA 1. Nucleotides 2. Nitrogen bases, phosphate groups, and sugar 3. Deoxyribose and phosphate 4. DNA Replication 5. A complimentary strand is paired with a DNA strand 6. In the cell’s nucleus 7. Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine 8. Adenine pairs with Thymine and Cytosine pairs with Guanine 9. Double helix 10. Nucleus RNA 11. Nucleotides 12. Ribose sugar, phosphate groups, and nitrogen bases 13. Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine and Guanine 14. Adenine pairs with Uracil and…
Heredity Midterm Exam Review & Study Guide WHAT SHOULD I KNOW ABOUT… DNA STRUCTURE, DNA REPLICATION, Review/Use the following: Vocab lists, ISN Pages, Practice Questions, Lectures, Book Chapters 12 DNA STRUCTURE 1. What role did Rosalyn Franklin play in our understanding of DNA’s structure? 2. What role did James Watson & Francis Crick play in our understanding of DNA’s structure? 3. What type of macromolecular is DNA? 4. What are the monomers of DNA? 5. What is the structure…
8.2 Nucleotide – monomer that forms DNA and has a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogen base Double helix – model that compares the structure of a DNA molecule, in which two strands wind around one another, to that of a twisted ladder Base pairing rules – rule that describes how nucleotides form bonds in DNA; adenine (A) always bonds with thymine (T), and guanine (G) always bonds with cytosine (C) Chapter 8.3 Replication – process by which DNA is copied DNA polymerase – enzyme that makes bonds…
Study Guide – DNA Name: _______________________ Chapters 8 & 9 Date: ______________ Pd: ____ 1. Draw a picture of a nucleotide. Label the phosphate, the deoxyribose sugar, and the nitrogen base. Which parts make up the backbone? 2. Compare and Contrast DNA and RNA: | DNA |RNA | |a. contains the sugar deoxyribose |…
Biology 1107 Exam 3 *Please note this is in no way intended to be a study guide, just a few words about the upcoming exam. Exam 3 will consist of 100 questions. Primarily multiple choice. Some important concepts to especially note: Mitosis- Be able to run through the stages of mitosis and document what happens at each stage. A great way to do this is to replicate the page in your book with all the pictures on a clean sheet of paper from memory- concentrate on what the chromosomes look like…
learn genetics. This became possible for him because he had a fellowship for graduate study in zoology at Indiana University at Bloomington, then that where he received his Ph.D. degree in zoology during the 1950. Who was James working with? James joined the Cavendish laboratories with Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, Rosalind Franklin, and Linus Pauling. The group was racing to determine the structure of the DNA. Who was James Inspiration? James was in Indiana for university when he was deeply…
Honors Biology Spring Semester Final Study Guide Biochemistry Benchmark 1C: Understand the basic process of cellular respiration. a. Identify the reactants and products involved in glycolysis, the Kreb’s Cycle, and the electron transport chain b. Distinguish between the processes and products of aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration (fermentation). c. Describe the importance of ATP in the life of the cell d. Compare the relative energy available in ATP, ADP, and AMP Benchmark…
organism or more commonly known as a GMO which happens when the DNA of an organism has been changed that it has one or more genes from another organism. Genetic engineering can also lead to a transgenic organism which is when one organism has a particular gene inserted to its own from a different organism giving the organism specific characteristics from the other. Genetic engineering has everything to do with the changing of an organisms DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) by inserting and extracting certain…
