Essay on Com: Employment and Time Work- Working

Submitted By seerboldly
Words: 1470
Pages: 6

Industries
Primary- Exploit natural resources and produce raw material. E.g. farming, fishing
Secondary- Process raw materials and manufacture goods e.g. cars, clothing, food
Tertiary-Distribute goods and services e.g. supermarkets, hairdressing
Quaternary- Provide information services e.g. teaching, banking
Quinary- Provide household services e.g. restaurants, child care.
White collar worker- A worker who is paid a salary to perform non-manual work. E.g administrative
Blue Collar- Employed to do manual labour for weekly wage
Employment Type
Advantages
Disadvantages
Full Time Work- Working over 35 hours per week
Entitlements such as annual leave, sick leave, parental leave
Job security
Long Hours
Part Time Work- Working under 35 hours per week
Flexible working hours fitting with a person’s lifestyle
Employment entitlements
May not produce sufficient income
Casual Work- Working on a irregular basis
Paid loading
Unskilled or easy work
No employment entitlements
Less job security
Self-Employed – People who operate their own business
Determine your own conditions and rules
No share of profit
Responsible for everything
Stressful

Employment Contract- Is made when an employer offers someone a job and agrees to pay them for their work.
Formal Agreement- A written agreement approved by a government authority such as Australian Industrial Relations commission. Can be in forms of awards
Awards- a legal document that outlines the minimum terms and conditions of an employee such as:
Rate of pay
Hours of work
Any leave
Informal agreements- Verbal or written agreement not approved by the government.
Enterprise agreements
There are 2 types: Australian Workplace agreement is a written agreement between employee and employer outlining terms and conditions
Certified agreements are between employer and groups of workers representing all employees.
Enterprise bargaining The process of negotiating working conditions and wages between employers and employees.
Reduces workplace disputes and allows the workplace to flow efficiently and productively

Rights of employers
Dismiss employees for misconduct
Expect employees to carry out duties efficiently
Responsibilities of employers
Ensure workplace is safe
Follow all agreements
Rights of employees
Work in a comfortable environment
Paid the appropriate award rate
Responsibilities of employees
Obey the instructions of the employer (if reasonable)
Excise care
Occupational Health and Safety
Workers are provided with adequate pay and safe work place practices. Workers Compensation Act 1987.
Discrimination- Treating someone unfairly due to their race, gender etc.
Racial discrimination Act 1975.
Disability Discrimination act 1992.
Unfair dismissal- A person’s employment is ended for an unlawful reason.
E.g. race, beliefs, gender, temporarily absent. People can loge and unfair dismissal application.
Outsourcing- The process of contracting out different parts of a business to an outside supplier due to reasons such as cheaper labour and some regulations are not applied in some countries.
Redundancy
Employees lose their jobs because their work is not required for economic or technological reasons. They receive unused holiday pay and leave loading and sick leave, long service leave and termination pay.
Trade unions e.g. ACTU
A group of employees whose main aim is to improve working conditions and wages of employees.
Employer association
Represents employer interests
Industry Association(Cover particular industries)
Umbrella Association (Covers all industries)

Resolving disputes
Follow grievance procedures- The workplace have their own grievance procedures.
Conciliation (use of a third party to assist) and mediation
Arbitration (Processed with judges)
Common law action- Processed through courts.
Tax- Compulsory payments made to governments by individuals and businesses. Main source of revenue for governments
Income Tax
GST ( tax on goods and services)
Excise Duty ( Tax for certain goods)
Stamp Duty