Chapter 4 Study Guide
1. What are the two main functions of the sympathetic nervous system?
(A) Activating system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations – fight/flight (B) Regulates strong emotional reactions
2. What are the two main functions of the parasympathetic NS?
“Rest and Digest,” Calming system that conserves energy.
3. How do the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems work together (what are some images and metaphors used to describe them)?
As one is more active, the other is less active. Imagers are of two rheostats with sliding controls that allow you to turn a light up and down gradually rather than on and off. Examples include sexual arousal and nausea. Common analogy gas pedal
Advantages:
b. EEG: Advantage: excellent temporal precision Disadvantage: inability to assess neural activation deep in the brain, sensors limit movement and natural behavior.
c. MRI: Disadvantage: extremely loud for patients.
d. fMRI: Advantage: terrific spatial resolution,
3. What is a neurotransmitter?
The chemicals neurons use to communicate with each other.
4. Which neurotransmitter is associated with feeling happy?
Dopamine
5. Name the important components of the limbic system and their functions
Supports a variety of functions, including emotion, behavior, motivation, long-term memory, and olfaction. It appears to be primarily responsible for emotional life, and it has a great deal to do with the formation of memories.
6. What is the role of the amygdala in emotion?
Receives input representing vision, hearing, other senses, and pain.
7. What is the Kluver-Bucy syndrome?
A pattern of emotional changes accompanying removal of both anterior temporal lobes, including the amygdalae.
8. Which brain structure is associated with the formation of episodic memories?
Amygdala
9. What is homeostasis, and what brain structure is associated with regulating it?
The hypothalamus is associated with regulating it and homeostasis is the body’s ability to maintain acceptable levels of temperature, blood chemistry, hydration, and other factors.
10. What brain structure is most active during the experience of