2. Identify potentially harmful situations. Functional Ability-Different Sleeping Disorders-Safety Hypersomnia- affected individuals obtain sufficient sleep at night but still cannot stay awake. Can be caused by medical conditions such as damaged CNS, kidney, liver or metabolic disorders such as diabetic acidosis and hyperthyroidism. Narcolepsy- excessive daytime sleepiness caused by lack of chemical hypocretin in the CNS that regulates sleep. Sleep apnea- frequent short breathing pauses during sleep. (10 seconds-2 minutes). Occurs during REM or NREM. Bruxism- clenching and grinding of teeth. Occurs during stage II NREM sleep. Enuresis- Bed-wetting during sleep. Occurs in children over 3 years in NREM stages 3 and 4. Periodic limb movements- legs jerk twice or three times per minute in sleep. Mostly due to restless leg syndrome. Sleep taling- talking during sleep. Occurs in NREM before REM sleep. Somnambulism- sleepwalking. Occurs in stage 3 and 4 of NREM sleep, 1 to 2hrs after falling asleep. Mobility Ambulating patients-interventions to promote patient safety 4. Perform identified skills to promote patient safety. Functional Ability Sleep Disorders across the lifespan-Evaluation of Effectiveness/non-effectiveness of interventions/treatments Functional Ability-Sleep Disorders across the lifespan-Patient Teaching (multiple questions) Functional Ability-Normal Sleep patterns across the lifespan-Patient Teaching Newborns- 16-18 hrs .irregular schedule with periods of 1-3 hrs spent awake. Infants-14-15 hrs.. Toddlers- 12-14 hrs of sleep recommended for children 1-3 years. Most nee afternoon naps. Preschoolers- 3-5 years. Require 11-13 hrs of sleep. School-age children. 5-12 years. Require 10-11 hrs of sleep. Adolescents- 12-18 years. Require 9-10 hrs of sleep. Adults- need 7-9 hrs Mobility Promoting health across the lifespan including during pregnancy-Patient Teaching (multiple questions) Mobility Disorders affecting mobility across the lifespan-Interventions to promote mobility Mobility Disorders affecting mobility across the lifespan-Interventions preventing worsening of mobility Mobility Interventions to prevent workplace injuries (multiple questions) Mobility ROM (passive and active) for all joints Active ROM- Isotonic exercises. Each joint in body moves with complete range movement, maximally stretching all muscle groups within each plane over joint. These exercises are done by the client. Passive ROM exercise- another person moves each of the clients joins trhough its complete range movements. Client does not contract muscles maintaining flexibility but not muscle strength. Mobility Bed-bound patients-Assessment of complications and interventions to prevent complications (multiple questions) Nutrition Patient Teaching-Nutrition for patients across the lifespan Nutrition NG tube assessments (multiple questions) Nutrition Different types of diets-Know what a patient can or cannot have for each Nutrition USDA Dietary Guidelines-Patient teaching Nutrition Vitamins and Minerals across the lifespan-Calcium, Potassium, Magnesium, Iron, Thiamine, Riboflavin (know the recommendations for these) Skin Integrity interventions to prevent complications of the bed-bound patient (Multiple questions) Skin Integrity Personal Hygiene-Interventions and teaching Bathing Bed bath across the lifespan-Interventions Nutrition