APA Citation and Reference Page Guide

Many students are unfamiliar with the writing style required by their degree programs, so (hopefully) this guide will eliminate some of that stress. Because APA users typically do not cite poems and dramas, I have seized a bit of liberty with those types of resources; if you find yourself writing a paper in another class that requires similar literary works, please check with the professor.

For sources not included, you will need to use your APA Publication Manual, Sixth Edition; another possibility is to Google your questions. (e.g. “How is a book with four authors cited in APA?”) Please note: These guidelines are extremely general and do not address issues such as consecutive citations of the same source within a paragraph. You will need to refer to your APA Publication Manual for that information.

Biblical Passages

In-text citation example: (2 Cor. 5:17, New International Version)
Reference page entry: Do not include the Bible in your list of references, and you might make a mental note that is does not count as a scholarly sources for your research paper.

Lessons on Blackboard

In-text citation example with no quoted material: (Lesson 21, n.d.)
In-text citation example with quoted material: (Lesson 21, n.d., slide 6)
Reference page entry:
Liberty University. (n.d.). Lesson 21: Analysis and evaluation of lyrical poems [PowerPoint slides, Audio cast]. Retrieved from http://bb7.liberty.edu/bbcswebdav/pid-12773431-dt-content-rid-37278660_1/courses/ENGL102_B37_201140/ENGL102_LUO_8wk_DEV_ImportedContent_20110120103433/ENGL102_LUO_8wk_MASTER_ImportedContent_20101008111811/Course%20Content/Module/Week%205%20--%20Poetry%20Essay/Reading%20%26%20Study/Presentation_%20Lesson%2021/Lesson21/index.html
Long Quotes (Prose Only)
(source: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/02/)

Jones's (1998) study found the following:
Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time citing sources. This difficulty could be attributed to the fact that many students failed to purchase a style manual or to ask their teacher for help. (p. 199)
Short Stories
Anthologized
In-text example (no quoted material): (Chopin, 1894/2013)
In-text example for direct quotes: (Chopin, 1894/2013, p. 317)
Reference page entry:

Chopin, K. (1894/2013). “The story of an hour.” In X. J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia (Eds.), Literature: An introduction to fiction, poetry, drama, and writing (Seventh ed., pp. 316-318). New York: Pearson Longman.
Downloaded from Liberty’s Blackboard portal
In-text citation example (no quoted material): (Connell, 1924)
In-text example for direct quotes: (Connell, 1924/n.d., p. 4)
Reference page entry:

Connell, R. (1924). “The most dangerous game.” [Micromedia Flashpaper] Retrieved from http://media.pearsoncmg.com/pcp/pcp_97542_lit_lu/ebook/media/connell_dangerous.swf
Poetry
When quoting three or fewer lines of poetry or drama written in verse, incorporate the quotation into the body of your paragraph, and use a forward slash to indicate line breaks.

Example: Contrasting images are strongly present at the beginning of Frost’s poem: “Some say the world will end in fire, / Some say in ice." ("Fire," lines 1-2)
When quoting four or more lines of poetry or drama written in verse
Start the quotation on a new line.
Indent each line .5” from the left margin.
Double-space between each line.
Do not use quotation marks (unless they are used in the poem).
Example: The narrator indicates that he agrees that the world will end in fire:
Some say the world will end in fire,
Some say in ice.
From what I’ve tasted of desire
I hold with those who favor fire. ("Fire," lines 1-4)
Anthologized poem—reference page entry:

Frost, R. (1923/2013). “Fire and ice.” In X. J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia (Eds.), Literature: An introduction to fiction, poetry, drama, and writing (Seventh ed., p. 553). New York: Pearson.
Downloaded from Liberty’s Blackboard