Chapter 17: The Physical Geography of North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia
Map Study
1. The Zagros Mountains are located on the western side of Iran. The Atlas Mountains are located on the northwest die of Algeria.
2. The country that is dominated by areas of elevations of more than 5,000 feet is Tajikistan.
Section 1 Assessment
1. Alluvial soil: rich soil made up of sand and mud deposited by moving water
Wadis: streambeds that remain dry until a heavy rain
Kums: deserts
Phosphate: a chemical used in fertilizers
2. The Caspian Sea and the Aral Sea are similar because they both are inland bodies of water.
3. The physical feature that dominates western Iran is mountains.
Map Study
1. The Mediterranean climate regions are located in Izmir, Istanbul, Yerevan, T’bilisi, Rabat, and Algiers.
2. Mountain ranges along coastal areas in North Africa and Southwest Asia affect climate because there is at least twice as much rainfall.
Section 2 Assessment
1. Oasis: a place in the desert where underground water surfaces
Pastoralism: the raising and grazing of livestock
Cereals: food grains such as barley oats, and wheat, without irrigation
2. Climate regions found in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia:
Tropical forest
Chaparral
Deciduous and mixed deciduous-coniferous forest
Tropical grassland
Temperate grassland
Desert scrub and desert waste
Highlands
Reviewing Key Terms
1. In the Sahara, a place where underground water surfaces is an oasis.
2. Runoff from infrequent rainstorms creates __, or dry streambeds.
3. Pastoralism, or the raising and grazing of livestock, is the way of life on the steppe.
4. Morocco produces phosphate, which is used in fertilizers.
5. Many of the region is covered by sandy deserts, or __
6. Barley is an example of a cereal grain.
7. Alluvial soil is rich soil deposited by running water.
Reviewing Facts
1. The Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden separates the Arabian Peninsula from the African continent.
2. The Caucasus and Zagros Mountains are the physical features that separate Europe and Asia from one another.
3. The desert that covers most of Turkmenistan is the Sahara desert.
4. About 77 percent of North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia experience desert climates.
5. The natural vegetation in steppe areas includes shrubs and trees.
6. Tropical vegetation flourishes in the regions around the Nile River in Egypt.
Locating Places
1. Arabian Peninsula, A
2. Sahara, I
3. Atlas Mountains, E
4. Nile River, C
5. Aral Sea, K
6. Red Sea, D
7. Persian Gulf, F
8. Mediterranean Sea, J
9. Caspian Sea, G
10. Black Sea, H
11. Gulf of Aden, B
12. Tian Shan, L
Standard Test Practice
1. Part of Uzbekistan has a desert climate. What kind of vegetation can grow in a desert climate?
B. Drought resistant shrubs and cacti
2. In part of the region of North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia, people earn their living by growing citrus fruits, olives, and grapes, as well as from the tourist trade. This region probably has
H. Mediterranean climate

Chapter 18: The Cultural Geography of North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia
Graph Study
1. Kazakhstan, Egypt, Tajikistan, and Afghanistan are less than 60 percent urban. The countries that are more than 60 percent urban include Armenia, Saudi Arabia, and Bahrain.
2. Some countries are more modern than others because the government varies from countries. If the government for example, doesn’t allow certain good being imported or manufactured and exported for their economy to thrive and become an urban industrial country.
Section 1 Assessment
1. Ethnic diversity: differences among groups based on their languages, customs, and beliefs.
Infrastructure: basic urban necessities like streets and utilities
2. The largest concentrations of people are located around the Nile River in Egypt.
3. Turks and Iranians are similar because they both practice the religion of Islam.
Section 2 Assessment
1. Domesticate: plants and animals, or take