WEEK FOUR NOTES

NEW YORK
Seized from dutch in 1664 (from new amsterdam to new york) became more restrictive under english rule established elected assembly in 1683 and extended “rights of englishman”

PENNSYLVANIA established in 1681 by william penn offered religious freedom, expanded the electorate vote-no religious requirements, representative gov’t devout quaker-peace,believed freedom should be extended to all and equality of all persons established friendly relations with local indians until colonists continued to encroach on indian lands

CAROLINA established in 1670 by planters from barbados seeking more land sought to create a feudal society offered land (150/100 acres), religious toleration and elected assembly to attract settlers economy centered on rice and indigo cultivation slavery would come to define Carolina society

IMMERSED IN AN ATLANTIC WORLD
18th century colonial america colonists increasingly found themselves immersed and at times entangled in an atlantic world over the course of the 18th century

ENGLISHMEN’S RIGHTS & CRISIS OF 17TH CENTRUY as the colonies became ever-more immersed in the atlantic world, they’re identity as englishmen grew in proportion. central to this identity was their inheritance of englishmen right’s this notion of rights was the product of centuries of turmoil b/w King and Nobility the Crisis of the 17th Century in England altered the expectations of what freedom meant not only among the English who lived in England, but also english colonists

limited gov’t limited monarchy freedom from arbitrary violence and oppression notions of representative gov’t

CRISIS OF MID/LATE 17TH CENTURY glorious revolution (1688)

Results of GR english bill of rights-established co-equal power between king and parliament trump of protestantism- anti-catholicism increasingly becomes a component of english identity

GR inspired colonist to revel in the name of Mary and William and/or Protestantism
New Engliand- (Boston Revolt-1689) Jailed and deposed Edmund Andros (James II appointed governor) but could not get original charter back. Instead new charter (1691), stipulated: 1. vote qualification=property ownership 2.all Protestants could worship freely 3. governor appointed in London not elected by full church members

SALEM WITCH TRIALS witchcraft = person makes pact w devil to obtain supernatural power which they use to harm individuals/society. Believed widely throughout Europe
1692- controversy began in Salem, Mass. when several girls began to have nightmares and spasms. They soon accused witches in the community of controlling them accusations snowballed as the accused accepted to escape severe punishment by identifying as witches
14 women and 5 men hanged for witchcraft
Historical interpretation-result of extreme anxiety Puritans felt at the decline of the Puritan Way. Particularly at this moment, Puritans felt the devil’s hand/presence bc of all of external pressures that suddenly befell their society- i.e. french and indian raids and loss of political control. Deep anxiety produced hysteria which produced Salem Witch Trials.

GLORIOUS REVOLUTION IN COLONIES
Coode’s Rebellion- (1689) John Coode and other rebels successfully ousted Catholic Lord Baltimore from power in Maryland
Liesler’s Rebellion- (1689) German born Jacob Liesler captured the colony of New York in the name of Protestantism. Killed shortly thereafter. revolts all invoked the spirit of the GR
The battles of the 17th century in england over the proper balance of power between King and Parliament transformed people’s expectations of an individual right’s in relation to authority. (If Parliament can challenge King’s power, why can’t colonists limit royal authority in colonies)

COLONIAL SLAVERY: THE RISE OF UNFREEDOM
Story of Anthony Johnson captures the changing fortunes of Africans in the English Colonies
Brought to Virginia as an indenture from Angola around 1620