won, armed with pen and paper, Abraham Lincoln changed the war when he issued, one of the most important and controversial documents in America history, the Emancipation Proclamation. Congress and the northern states were urging emancipation. Escaped slaves were fleeing to the Union army as it advanced in the South, complicating military operations. Issued on September 22, 1862, Lincoln's preliminary proclamation declared that on New Year's, 1863, “all persons held as slaves within any State… then……
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