Britain Enacts Reform -Constitutional Monarchy -> monarch = head, Parliament = power -Parliament -> House of Loras (inherited or appointed) & House of Commons (elected by British) -5% of population voted -Suffrage -> right to vote -> 1830 -Reform Bill of 1832 = allowed middle class men to vote -Chartist Movement = movement of workers & groups who wanted all men to vote -1884 – most men could vote -Helped the workers -New leader = Queen Victoria -> popular among people, good leader -Govt. = completely run by prime minister and cabinet WOMEN GET THE VOTE -Many people thought women voting was radical -Protests broke out -Women’s Social & Political Union -> 1903 - Many became imprisoned -No voting anymore, until after WWI FRANCE AND DEMOCRACY -France almost changed its government back to the way it was in 1914 -Formed Third Republic, 60 years – still divided -Dreyfus Affair – those wanting monarchy and military rule -Anti-Semitism- prejudice against Jews -Alfred Dreyfus = guilty of selling secrets to Germany -He was sentenced to a life in - prison. -Guilty of many other charges -Emile Zola -> disagreed with this. Published the article J’Accuse! Spent a year in prison -Eventually the govt. declared Dreyfus’ innocence -Beginning of anti-Semitism -Zionism- movement in 1890s ->Jews work in Palestine -Their leader -> Theodor Herzl from Vienna Assembly line- an expansion of working,