CHAPTER II
RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This chapter presents the review of related literature and studies.
Review of Related Literature
Photosynthesis is the transformation of sun energy into chemical energy, which plant can actually use. Only plants, or autotrophs, can do this. Autotrophs are simply organisms that can produce their own food. They harness their energy form the sun to carry out photosynthesis (Miller and Levine) However, other things are needed to do photosynthesis as well. Carbon dioxide and water are the key components to process photosynthesis. Chloroplast makes photosynthesis happen. They are organelle, or a specialized structure that performs important task in the plant cell.
Cell in the plants co-operate to help
Light quantity refers to the intensity or concentration of sunlight and varies with the season of the year. The more sunlight a plant receives the better capacity it has to produce plant food through photosynthesis. As the sunlight quantity decreases the photosynthetic process decreases. Light quantity can be decreased in a garden or greenhouse by using shade-cloth or shading paint above the plants. It can be increased by surrounding plants with white or reflective material or supplemental lights.
Light quality refers to the color or wavelength reaching the plant surface. Sunlight can be broken up by a prism into respective colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. On a rainy day, raindrops act as tiny prisms and break the sunlight into these colors producing a rainbow. Red and blue light have the greatest effect on plant growth. Green light is least effective to plants as most plants reflect green light and absorb very little. It is this reflected light that makes them appear green. Blue light is primarily responsible for vegetative growth or leaf growth. Red light when combined with blue light encourages flowering in
Sunflowers don't need fertilizing grow big and beautiful, and over-fertilization can cause weak stems and a lack of flowers.
With regular watering, your sunflower will take 27 days for the first anther in the head to emerge, and another eight days for the last anther to emerge. When they reach their full height, the largest sunflowers may be up to 12 feet tall, while dwarf sunflowers may only reach heights of 2 feet.
It will take another 30 days for your sunflower to reach what is considered to be full maturity. The mature stage of the sunflower is the point at which the back of the flower head has turned a light yellow or brown, and the seeds are dried and protruding from the flower head Sunflowers grow best in locations with direct sun (6 to 8 hours per day); they prefer long, hot summers to flower well d it thrive in slightly acidic to somewhat alkaline (pH 6.0 to 7.5).
RELATED