Essay on Psychology Study Guide

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Psychology Exam 4 Study Guide

Chapter 14
1. Six characteristics of abnormal behavior: 1. Usualness: behavior that is unusual (experienced only by a few) 2. Social Deviance: devation from social norms 3. Emotional Distress: states of emotional distress that are inappropriately excessive or prolonged 4. Maladaptive behavior: behavior that causes personal distress or diestress to others 5. Dangerousness: engaging in violent or dangerous behavior 6. Faulty perception: experiencing delusions (false beliefs) and or hallucinations (false perceptions)
2. Five Anxiety disorders: 1. Generalized Anxiety Disorder: excessive worry about everyday things that are not normally sources of this behavior 2. Obsessive Compulsice Disorder: unwanted thoughts and rituals that interfere with everyday living 3. Panic Disorder: experiencing sharp and uncomfortable panic anxiety attacks 4. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: when you experience something that shocks you out of your world, causing you to relive this event multiple times 5. Social Anxiety Disorder: fears of social interactions; avoiding social situations
3. Four Somatoform Disorders: 1. Somatization Disorder: chronic and recurrent aches, pains, and tiredness and other symptoms of somatic illness in the absence of a kinown medical cause 2. Hypochondriasis: milder form of somatization disorder 3. Conversion Disorder: experience of funcional blindness, deafness, paralysis, fainting, seizures, inability to speak or other serious impairments without a physical cause 4. Pain Disorder: experiencing severe pain with no physical cause; thought to be psychologically caused
4. Four Dissociative Disorders: 1. Depersonalization: experiences in which the individual feels that he or she has distorted or unreal surroundings (sense of leaving ones body) 2. Dissociative Amnesia: memory loss that is psychologically caused 3. Dissociative Fugue: memory loss that is so complete that the individual cannot remember his or her identity or previous life 4. Dissociative Identity Diosroder: (controversial) believed to be caused from physical or sexual abuse during childhood. Personalities that do not "know" about abuse are believed to split off from the original personality in order to cope with painful memories
5. Two Mood Disorders: 1. Major Depression: feelings of sadness, loss, anger, or frustration interfere with everyday life for weeks or longer. episodic disorder; increased/decreased sleep, increased/decreased apetite, loss of interest in sex, loss in energy or excessive energy, difficulty concentrating and making decisions, suicidal thoughts 2. Bipolar Disorder: a condition in which people go back and forth between periods of a very good or irritable mood and depression.periods of mania alternate irregularly with periods of severe depression. Intense euphoria, racing thoughts, little sleep needed, psychotic distortions, buying spreees, sexual promiscuity.
6. Three types of schizophrenia: 1. Paranoid schizophrenia: experiencing delusions and hallucinations; periods of remission (least severe) 2. Disorganized schizophrenia: delusions, hallucinations, very disorganized thoughts 3. Catatonic schizophrenia: long periods of time in statue-like states, nothing really makes sense, out of touch with real life (most severe)
7. Three clusters of personality disorders and the 10 personality disorders: I. Cluster A: odd or eccentric behavior 1. schizoid personality disorder 2. shizotypical 3. paranoid II. Cluster B: emotional or dramatic behavior 4. antisocial personality disorder 5. histrionic 6. narcissistic 7. borderline III. Cluster C: anxious and fearful behavior 8. dependent 9. obsessive compulisive 10. avoidant
Chapter 15
1. Psychotherapy: the process in which a trained professional uses psychological methods based on psychological theories to help a person with psychological problems.
2. Seven