Different transmission methods

UTP (unshielded twisted pair) -
Unshielded Twisted Pair cable is low-cost network cable built it a pair of insulated conductors twisted together and covered with a plastic jacket for protection. It is called unshielded because it has no additional foil wrap, or shield, which is added to cables when electromagnetic shielding is required, but the main uses of UTP cables do not require an extra level of protection.
STP (shielded twisted pair)
STP is similar to unshielded twisted pair (UTP); however, it contains an extra foil wrapping or copper braid jacket to help shield the cable signals from interference. STP cables are costlier when compared to UTP, but has the advantage of being capable of supporting higher transmission rates across longer distances. Coaxial
Types of transmission
Inferred
Infrared transmission systems use the infrared light spectrum to send a focused light beam to a receiver (the data), much, as would a microwave system, although no reflective dish is used. Rather, a pair of lenses is used, with a focused lens employed in the transmitting device and a collective lens in the receiving device. Infrared is an airwave, rather than a conducted transmission system.
Additionally, infrared offers substantial bandwidth at relatively low Cost. However, infrared systems require line-or-sight and suffer from environmental interference, as do microwave system.
Radio and Satellite
Radio waves are part of a larger group of waves classified all together as electromagnetic radiation. This large group of waves is broken down into smaller groups based on their frequencies and wavelengths.
There are two common ways to put information in a radio wave, they are called AM and FM Generally the frequency’s keep the same amplitude or frequency all the time. AM stands for amplitude modulation. In this method, the information is put into a radio wave by varying the amplitude. FM stands for frequency modulation. This time the amplitude is kept constant, the frequency is varied.
Communications satellite works like a relay station, radio signals transmitted by the ground stations are picked up by the satellite’s receiver antennas, the signals are filtered, their frequency changed and amplified, and then routed via the transmit antennas back down to Earth.
Copper cable
Copper Category 5 unshielded twisted pair (UTP) wires is the standard for carrying Internet, computer communications, and telephone signals. Category 5 has a rated bandwidth of 100 MHz (megahertz), which is greater than a 56 Kb per second modem. Category 5 is