NONRENEWABLE ENERGY, OIL AND COAL CH. 15

We need energy for basic needs
But we also need energy because it powers the machines in our economy
It powers industrial society
Energy transports us around our landscape and economy
Transports goods.
Sets of nonrenewable mineral fuels are required (coal oil… fossil fuels, and uranium)

I. Global consumption of nonrenewable fuels is on the rise but serious constraints mark their continued use.
a. There are SUPPLY issues: when will we run out, who will supply our energy and at what costs to the economy and national security?
b. There are ENVIRONMENTAL issues: what are the environmental impacts of a continued reliance on oil, coal, natural gas and uranium? Many believe that industrial society’s addiction to nonrenewable sources of energy represents a greater threat to the future of the planet than any other human activity.
i. EX. The environment may not be able to sustain another 100 – 200 years of coal use
1. Energy Reliance – vast majority of the world’s resources are used from non renewable resources
a. Slide
i. Global energy production has increased by 2% per year since the industrial revolution in the mid early 19th century ii. WHY?
1. Population growth,
2. Economic development (the more developed the more industrialized the more we consume) iii. History of energy use, through time we have relied on different types of energy for our use
1. Important nonrenewable
2. Coal becomes the “furnis” of the industrial revolution
3. Oil
4. Natural Gas
5. Nuclear energy post WWII
6. All come at very high costs
b. Slide World: 85% total commercial energy production comes from nonrenewables:
i. Resources
1. Oil remains king, the world’s singularly most important energy resource about 34% of commercial energy needs comes from oil
2. Coal 24%
3. Natural gas 21%
4. Nuclear Power 6% ii. Only 15% of global commercial energy production comes from renewable resources iii. CHART nonrenewables 85% and renewables 15%
c. Slide USA: 93% of total commercial energy production comes from nonrenewables: LEADING CONSUMER OF ENERGY
i. Resources
1. Oil 40%
2. Natural Gas 23%
3. Coal 22%
4. Nuclear Power 8% more reliant on nuclear power than the world as a whole ii. Only 7% of US commercial energy comes from renewable sources 93% reliable on nonrenewables iii. The US is the world’s largest consumer of commercial energy: Approx. 5% of world pop. but uses 25% of total commercial energy output and it has a higher reliance on nonrenewable energy sources than the world on the whole. iv. Per capita global energy use is 9% higher in the developed world over the developing. Far more consumption in developed over developing.
2. OIL – Remains King, singularly most important world resource
a. Oil, petroleum decomposition of deeply buried organic matter
i. Put plants and animals under high pressure under the earths crust and store it there for hundreds of thousands of years and it generates petroleum. ii. Oil or gas Reservoirs
1. We can access them through drilling or welling iii. Raw product is crude oil
1. Crude oil (out of the ground) is a complex mixture of various hydrocarbons with different boiling points.
2. After it is extracted, crude oil is transported to a refinery. Oil refineries heat and distill crude oil into different fuels (liquids, gasses, and semi solids), with different uses.
3. Crude oil is primarily used to manufacture transportation fuels (45.7% of US crude is refined into gasoline) but other products are also important.
a. Gasoline is the number one product manufactured from crude oil 45.7%
b. Primarily (#1 use of oil globally) used to manufacture transportation fuels
4. Petrochemicals are oil distillation products that are used as raw materials in manufacturing plastics, pesticides, synthetic fibers, paints, medicines and other products.
a. Provides chemical feed stocks for the products we use (PLASTICS)
b. Oil Reserves
i. OPEC: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (Est.