INVESTIGATIONS IN BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE

Eleventh Edition

Melinda F. Davis, Ph.D.
Professor of Biology

&

Suzanne W. Hedden, Ph.D. Professor of Zoology

With the collaboration of

Seema Dhir, M.S.

Department of Biology Fort Valley State University Fort Valley, Georgia

Bellwether Press

Cover Art c 1998 by Burgess Publishing Company
Copyright 1998, 1994, 1987, 1985, 1984, 1981, 1978, 1977 by Suzanne W. Hedden ISBN 0-8087-5216-2
Reproduced directly from the author's typed manuscript.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form whatsoever, by photograph or mimeograph or by any other means, by broadcast or transmission, by translation into any kind of language, nor by recording electronically or otherwise, without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer, who may quote brief passages in critical articles and reviews.

Parts of this book were previously published as, A Guide to Learning Fundamental Concepts in Biological Science Books I and II, Laboratory Investigations in Biological Science, Fourth Edition by Suzanne A. Whitlock, and Investigations in Biological Science Books One and Two, Sixth Edition by Suzanne A. Whitlock and Clinton H. Dixon.

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Preface

INVESTIGATIONS IN BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE contains major changes in content and organization from previous editions. This laboratory manual is designed for a two semester course in Introductory Biology for science majors. We have tried to select topics that will be meaningful to the student’s understanding of fundamental concepts that provide the basis for more advanced courses in the life sciences. As we developed these exercises, we have tried to provide careful instructions to promote a safe working environment for all students. We hope that all students will be alert during the activities and will pay attention to instructions given by the instructor. It is imperative that we maintain a safe laboratory environment. We need your cooperation!

How do we plan to use the laboratory portion of Biological Science? The laboratory is a place where you can see things that are discussed in the lecture; however, only a selected group of topics are covered during the laboratory periods. Actually a student will only see things that he or she understands. To understand the vast number of fundamental concepts in Biology a student must discipline himself to read assignments prior to the laboratory period and to study the textbook. Every student should bring their textbook to the laboratory session. A student should never rely upon the work of his classmates for data because he may miss the opportunity of seeing things for himself.

Dedicated to Dr. Clinton H. Dixon

Introductory Biology 1107K and Biol 1108K
Course Outline

Semester Credit Hours: 4

Schedule: Three lectures (50 minutes duration each) and one two-hour laboratory session weekly

Biol 1107 Course Objectives
1. Students will begin building a foundation of the basic principles of biological science.
2. Students will examine diversity and distribution of organisms.
3. Students will be able to discuss, differentiate and compare how different organisms solve similar problems with different structures.
4. Students will examine chemical and physical requirements of living systems.
5. Students will analyze and interpret data presented in tables, charts or graphs.
6. Students will use up-to-date technology as a means of gathering, evaluating and sharing information.

Biol 1108 Course Objectives
1. Student will continue building a foundation of the basic principles of biological science.