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Chapter 23:
World War One:
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Franz Ferdinand, Austria- Hungary leader, was killed by a Serbian, and this was the jumping off point of the war
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The alliance system was in play and made the war so much larger
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If there had been no Alliance System, only Serbia and Austria- Hungary would have been involved in the War
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Trench Warfare, new weapons, and the fact that you can kill more people in many new ways, made this war have a very high death toll
Alliances of WW1:
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American Allies: Russian Empire, France, Italy, United Kingdom, and many other small countries including Greece and
Serbia
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Central Powers: Germany, Ottoman Empire,
Austria- Hungary
, and Bulgaria
Battle of Verdun:
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The battle lasted over 10 months and there was not a clear winner
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It is one of the best example of Trench Warfare because it was one of the bloodiest battles
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750,000 people were killed in combat
Trench Warfare:
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Is a style of fighting in which you dig trenches to protect yourself, and barely any advancement can be made
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Germans did not want to lose control of France and Belgium so they dug the trenches for protection against the advancing Allies and then the allies did the same
John J. P ershing: ∙
He led troops that crossed the border into Mexico and pursued Pancho Villa for almost a year
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During WWI, he was named supreme commander of the American Expeditionary Force in
1917 of the troops of the American army in Europe
Franz Ferdinand:
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He was next in line to the Austria-Hungarian throne, Franz Ferdinand was giving a speech in
Bosnia, he was murdered by a Serbian named Gavrilo Princip
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The two countries have a disagreement about where the trial should take place and AustriaHungary declares war on Serbia, and the war begins
Lusitania:
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A British passenger liner that was sunk by a German U-boat killing 1,000 people, 128 being were Americans
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It was sunk on May 7, 1915 and is what triggered Americans to join in the war effort
Imperialism:
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A stronger country taking over a weaker country economically, politically, socially
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Cuba

Zimmerman Note:
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In January 1917, the German foreign minister proposed that Mexico would help Germany if
Americans entered the War; a British official intercepted the telegraph
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This angered Americans and helped build popular sentiment for the war and then four
American merchant ships were sunk without warning
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America declared war on Germany on April 2, 1917
Treaty of Versailles:
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The treaty that ended WW1 and that punished Germany severely for the acts it took in the war
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It was signed in 1919 by the Allies and Germany; however, America did not sign because it was rejected in America
Triple Alliance System:
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Alliance System was one of the causes of WW1
Woodrow Wilson’s 14 points:
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Wilson’s vision of a just and lasting peace, which he outlined it in his points that reflected the
“national self determination”
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The League of Nations is the most important point along with Self Determination
Self Determination:
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This is part of the Wilson’s 14 points that represented the right of people to decide how they should be governed
League of Nations:
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A blueprint of the United Nations, it was an organization that said that nations were going to negotiate their problems instead of fighting
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It was created by a American however, Americans did not take part in the league
Chapter 24:
“Jazz age”:
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The period of times during the 1920s that was a decade of great social and economic changes
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There was a huge economic explosion
“Red Scare”:
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Period in time where people were scared about communism and many people were accused for supporting