Public Speaking
Essential Factors of Speaking
A. Interactive Process of Public Speaking 1. Source/ Encoder (Speaker) 2. Reciever/Decorder (Audience) 3. Message/Coder( Ideas and how ideas are presented) 4. Channel (Medium of sending the ideas) 5. Noise (Inference) 6. Feedback (Response)
B. Communication Context 1. Physical Context the environment 2. Socio-psychological Context- relationship of particpants, roles, people play and cultural rules of society 3. Temporal Context - time of day, time of context 4. Cultural Context – beliefs, values , ways of behaving
C. Types of Communication
1. Intrapersonal- communication with self
2. Interpersonal-communication between two people
3. Small Group- communication within a small group of people
4. Public- communication of speaker with a audience
5. Mass- communication addressed to an extremely large audience

D. Purposes of Public Communication

1. To inform 2. To persuade 3. To entertain

Oral Interpretation

1. Oral Interpretation is the vocal and physical interpretation of written literature 2. Oral Interpretation is the expression and sharing of literature with the audience 3. Oral Interpretation is a form of public speaking that involves both intellectual and dramatic understanding of the material presented
Functions
* the function of the speaker is to give voice to the author
Literary Genres 1. Poetry – material from poetry of literary merit, which may be drawn from more than one source 2. Prose – material from prose of literatary merit, which may be drawn from more than one source (fiction, novels, short stories, non-fiction , and biography)
Procedure
1. Selection a. select a literary genre b. select a topic, theme, or author/poet c. select a piece of literature 2. Preparation a. Determine the beats within the material and choose the appropriate way in which to present the material on the page b. Mark the script for specific vocal performance technique in rate, pitch, volume, and pause c. Determine physical techniques (posture, stance, gestures,facial expressions d. Practice e. Time the presentation 3. Performance

Chapter 12 Presenting Your Speech

Definition Integrated Communication – the coming together and interaction of body, voice and speech

Goals a) verbal and nonverbal message should be in sync b) speaker and listener should be engage

1. Requirements a. expanded conversational syle – direct, colorful, natural, b. immediacy – closeness between audience and speaker
Developing your voice 1. Pitch * pitch is the placement of your voice on a musical scale * Habitual pitch- what your normal pitch is * Optimum – what your pitch should be for overall effectiveness and movement 2. Rate * speed that you like * varations in rate 3. Loudness * how loud and soft you speak * find a place to whisper 4. Patterns A. articulation – how you produce individual speech sounds B. enunciation – way you pronounce words in context C. Pronunciation – saying words correctly D. Dialect – speech pattern
C. Developing Body Language
Resource you must manage and develop to achieve the goal of integrated communication
Important to smile & eye contact D. Versatility in Presentation

1. Impromptu Speaking
a. PREP method- Point, Reasons, Examples, Restatement of points b Casual
2. Memorized Text Preparation a. written out, committed to memory, and delivered word for word.
b. utilize this method for introductions, conclusions, and important pieces of evidence (quotes, etc)
3. Manuscript Memorization - Reading from text or teleprompter
4. Extemporaneous Speaking – prepared and practiced but not written out
a. Focus on sequence of events
b. Responding to feedback – messages listeners send back to you