Chapter 15 Vocabulary words
Section 1
1) Franklin Delano Roosevelt – Helped the American people regain faith in them. Brought hope as he promised prompt, vigorous action and asserted in his Inaugural Address, “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” Entered the public service through politics, but as a Democrat. He won election in the New York Senate in 1910. Democratic nominee for Vice President in 1920.
2) New Deal – President Franklin Roosevelt’s program to alleviate the problems of the Great Depression, focusing on the relief for the needy, economic recovery, and financial reform.
3) Glass-Steagall Act – the 1933 law that established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to protect individuals’ bank accounts.
4) Federal Securities Act – a law, enacted in 1933, the required corporations to provide complete, accurate information on all stock offerings.
5) Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) – a law enacted in 1933 to raise crop prices by paying farmers to leave a certain amount of their land unplanted, thus lowering production.
6) Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) – an agency, established as part of the New Deal that put young unemployed men to work building roads, developing parks, planting trees, and helping in erosion-control and flood-control projects.
7) Nation Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) – a law enacted in 1933 to establish codes of fair practice for industries and to promote industrial growth.
8) Deficit spending – a government’s spending of more money than it receives in revenue.
9) Huey Long – Louisiana’s legendary populist Governor, U.S Senator and favorite son. Poised to run for President on his “Share Our Wealth” platform, Log was assassinated in 1935 at the age of 42.
Section 2
1) Eleanor Roosevelt – started her long career as a political helpmate. She gained knowledge of Washington and its ways while Franklin served as Assistant Secretary of the Navy. She became active in the women’s division of the State Democratic Committee to keep his interest in politics alive. After the presidents death in 1945 she began her service as American spokesman in the United States. She continued a vigorous career until her strength began to wane in 1962.
2) Works Progress Administration (WPA) – an agency, established as part of the Second New Deal that provided the unemployed with jobs in construction, garment making, teaching, the arts, and other fields.
3) National Youth Administration – an agency that provided young Americans with aid and employment during the Great Depression.
4) Wagner Act – a law—also known as the National Labor Relations Act—enacted in 1935 to protect workers’ rights after the Supreme Court declared the National Industrial Recovery Act unconstitutional.
5) Social Security Act - a law enacted in 1935 to provide aid to retirees the unemployed, people with disabilities, and families with dependent children.
Section 3
1) Frances Perkins – was the U.S Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, and the first woman appointed to the U.S Cabinet. She championed many aspects of the New Deal including the Civilian Conservation Corps, the public Works Administration and its successor the Federal Works Agency, and the labor portion of the National Industrial Recovery Act, with the Social Security Act she established unemployment benefits, pensions for the many uncovered elderly Americans, and welfare for the poorest Americans. Through the Fair Labor Standards Act, she established the first minimum wage and overtime laws for American workers, and defined the standard forty-hour work week. She formed governmental policy for working with labor unions and helped to alleviate strikes by the way of the United States Conciliation Service, resisted having American women be drafted to serve the military in WW2 so that they could enter the civilian workforce in greatly expanded numbers.
2) Mary McLeod Bethune – American educator and civil rights leader best known for starting a private school for