Schizophrenia- is composed of a broad collection of symptoms from all domains of mental function. The termschizophrenia literally means “split mind” it is often confused with a split or multiple personality. Individuals affected with such syndrome may show a wide range of disruptionsin their ability to see, hear and otherwise process information from the world around them. They may also experience disruption in their normal thought processes, as well as their emotions and behaviors.
This basic aspect of disturbance in a patient can be resulted in a lifetime disability, periodic hospitalization and a failure and social relationships. These relationships are often disrupted as a direct consequence of the affected individual’s withdrawal and inability to communicate, which may be alternate with bouts of disruptive behavior. Family with schizophrenia can exacerbate a strain of caring for a mentally ill relative and the stigma of mental illness.
Because of the disorder is so severe, and many people will be afflicted sometime in their life. Schizophrenia is now recognized as major public health concerns.

Nursing Diagnosis:Disturbed Thought Processes
Possible Etiologies
(Related to)
Inability to trust
Panic level of anxiety
Low self-esteem
Inadequate support systems
Negative role model
Repressed fears
Underdeveloped ego
Possible hereditary factor
Defining Characteristics
(Evidenced by)
Suspiciousness of others, resulting in
Alteration in societal participation
Inability to meet basic needs
Inappropriate use of defense mechanisms
Hypervigilance Distractibility Inappropriate non–reality-based thinking Inaccurate interpretation of environment

Goals/Objectives
Short-Term Goal
Client will develop trust in at least one staff member within 1 week.
Long-Term Goal
Client will demonstrate use of more adaptive coping skills, as evidenced by appropriateness of interactions and willingness to participate in the therapeutic community.
Outcome Criteria
Client is able to appraise situations realistically and to refrain from projecting own feelings onto the environment.
Client is able to recognize and clarify possible misinterpretations of the behaviors and verbalization’s of others.
Client eats food from tray and takes medications without evidence of mistrust.4.Client appropriately interacts and cooperates with staff and peers in therapeutic community setting.

Schizophrenia (NCP)Nursing Care Plan-Disturbed Thought Processes
Nursing actions
Rationale
Encourage same staff to work with client as much as possible
To promote development of trusting relationship
Avoid physical contact.
Suspicious clients may perceive touch as a threatening gesture.
Avoid laughing, whispering, or talking quietly where client can see but not hear what is being said.
Suspicious clients often believe others are discussing them, and secretive behaviors reinforce the paranoid feelings.
Be honest and keep all promises.
Honesty and dependability promote a trusting relationship.
A creative approach may have to be used to encourage food intake (e.g., canned food and client’s own can opener or family-style meals). Suspicious clients may believe they are being poisoned and refuse to eat food from the individually prepared tray.
Mouth checks may be necessary after medication administration
To verify that client is swallowing the tablets or capsules. Suspicious clients may believe they arebeing poisoned with their medication and attempt to discard the pills.
Activities should never include anything competitive. Activities that encourage a one- to-one relationship with the nurse or therapist are best.
Competitive activities are very threatening to suspicious clients.
Encourage client to verbalize true feelings. The nurse should avoid becoming defensive when angry feelings are directed at him or her.
Verbalization of feelings in a nonthreatening environment may help client come to terms with long-unresolved issues.
An assertive,