Classical Conditioning
Michael
PSY/390
December 3, 2012
Chelsea Hansen, M.A.
Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning or if you will “Pavlovian conditioning” was produced by Ivan Pavlov. He was a Russian physician most familiar with the digestive system, but made a breakthrough in psychology for his theory on instinct based learning. There are three basic parts to classical conditioning. The first part is the unconditioned stimulus or “UCS” which creates an unconditioned response “UCR” in the person. This basically means the environment is creating a new response to a stimulus and a behavior isn’t actually learned yet. There is a neutral stimulus “NS” in this stage that is basically an object, person, or even a place and it does not produce a response till it brought together with an unconditioned stimulus. The second stage takes place when the neutral stimulus finally becomes paired with an unconditioned stimulus, thus making it a conditioned stimulus “CS”. In most cases this stage will be repeated multiple times before learning will take effect. Stage three we see that the conditioned stimulus is then paired with the unconditioned stimulus and a conditioned response “CR” is created (Hall, 1998). In my scenario to get my fiancé to clean more the unconditioned stimulus would be me asking her nicely to help me clean. The unconditioned response would be for her to help me clean because she wants to help out and feels compelled to. Now in order to get her to clean more often I would take the unconditioned stimulus and pair it with a conditioned stimulus such as weekly cleaning list. It would no longer be necessary to ask and if this fails turn to operant conditioning and reward her for cleaning more ("Classical Conditioning", n.d.). Unconditioned Response | USC | Asking her to clean nicely. | Conditioned Stimulus | CS | A weekly cleaning list. | Unconditioned Response | UR | Positive feelings. | Conditioned Response | CR | Positive feelings. |
Classical conditioning can help in our daily lives and even more so in problems varying from drug dependence, addiction, and even stress at work. When people take drugs the body natural wants to compensate for those chemicals inside them. In doing so the person will actually need to require more drugs in order to get the effects that they want to achieve and this is also known as tolerance. With tolerance we come across other variables in the environment which as considered to be conditional and is called situational specificity of tolerance. Drinking alcohol is usually consumed in the same way all the time and because of that our body knows it is coming and reacts by trying to counter the effects from it. If the alcohol was consumed in a different way such as mixing up with an upper (alcohol being a downer) such Red Bull a person can easily over dose since the body isn’t used to that sort
behavior by stimuli and the ineffectiveness of punishment. However, there were differences in their approach to conditioning. Thorndike believed in instrumental conditioning, and Skinner believed in operant conditioning. Please compare and contrast Thorndike Psychology - General Psychology PSYCH 550 Week 1 Individual Assignment Learning Paper Prepare a 700 to 1,050-word paper in which you examine the concept of learning. As a part of your examination, be sure to address the following items:…
Phobias and Addiction Paper In this paper you will find out about phobias and addictions and how the relate to operant and classical conditions. It will explain how phobias are related to classical conditions, and how addictions are related to operant conditions. When reading this paper you will be able to see the difference between operant and classical conditions. It will also explain what extinction mean and how it is achieved in both classical and operant conditioning. A phobia in term of…
Addictions Paper Candice Blackstock PSY/300 Jennifer Murphy October 27, 2014 Introduction Phobias and Addictions are behavioral issues that affect every aspect of our society. In this paper it will be discussed how phobias can be developed through classical conditioning, how addictions can be developed through operant conditioning, distinguish between classical and operant conditioning, and explain what extinction means and how it is achieved in both classical and operant conditioning. Phobias…
Learning Theories Andrew Albert Northwestern Connecticut Community College Abstract This paper compares and contrasts Ivan Pavlov’s theory of classical conditioning, B.F. Skinners theory of operant conditioning, and Albert Bandura’s theory of social learning researched both offline (Text book) and online (Internet). This paper is going to show similarities between all three theories and the differences. This paper is also going to place into perspective with our modern society how these theories are…
The Final Paper will explain, compare, and contrast the major principles associated with classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and neobehaviorism. Include each element below in your explanation of each of the three theories: 1. Describe the major principles associated with each theory. 2. Explain the contributions of the major theorists who worked to develop each theory. 3. Explain how each theory accounts for the mental processes associated with learning. 4. Summarize how each theory…
BEH/225 August 21, 2011 Anxiety disorders affect people from all over the world and are actually the most common mental disorder. The main types of anxiety that will be discussed in this paper are as follows: specific phobias; panic disorder; generalized anxiety disorder; and obsessive-compulsive disorder. This paper will cover the previous types of anxiety disorders and different treatment methods currently used for people who suffer from them. (Maisto & Morris, 2004) The first anxiety disorder…
instrumental and classical conditioning. Classical conditioning summarized is a stimulus used in order to condition the brain into remembering to do something. For example food can cause an automatic response in an individual. An example of an experiment would be ringing a bell every time a cup of juice is brought out. After a few weeks of doing thing the bell is rung and no juice is brought out. The mouth will automatically salivate. Another way of learning is instrumental conditioning. This is the…
Behaviorist and the use of APA in Education Dorothy Hall AIU Online Abstract This paper will provide a summarization on behaviorism and how it has affected the understanding of learning by providing a brief history of its founding, the main components of the theory, a brief description of at least three behaviorist experiments, and how behaviorism develops new behaviors.…
discipline of psychology that attempts to explain how an individual (organism) learns. This theory consists of many different theories of learning, including instincts, social facilitation, observation, formal teaching, memory, mimicry, and classical and operant conditioning. According to the social learning theory, people learn by observing others’ behavior, attitudes, and outcomes of those behaviors. Therefore, most behaviors are learned observationally through modeling: from observing others, one forms…
Reflection Paper #2 Jacee Kershaw PSYCH 1810 Dr. Pete Johnson Mid-Plains Community College 3/08/13 As I sit in a classroom, I hear the buzz of activity outside the classroom and the teacher’s voice, I can smell hints of the perfume the person next to me is wearing, I feel the hardness of the chair and the pencil in my hands, and I see all the people and the way they move. Coding is a way our brains make sense of the world. Coding is defined as the brain distributing…
