Chapter 12
The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge of Nationalism, 1812–1824

1. A Scary War with Britain (pp. 233–240)
a. What do the authors say at the outset is the “supreme lesson” of the War of 1812? The leading a divided and apathetic people into war is a bad idea

b. For two years, the Americans and British fought to a standstill in Canada. What event in Europe in 1814 allowed the British to concentrate all their forces in America? Napoleons power was destroyed

c. After American naval successes on Lake Erie under Admiral Oliver H. Perry and then on Lake Champlain, a British force invaded the Chesapeake region and burned the new capital of Washington to the ground in August 1814. They then were beaten off
Republicans considered this proposal unconstitutional. A strong banking system, that would provide a abundant credit. A protective tariff, for eastern manufacturing would flourish. More roads and canals, more in the Ohio Valley.

3. Monroe, Sectionalism, and the Missouri Compromise (pp. 242–246)
a. The Panic of 1819 was caused largely by over speculation in western lands. (Note that financial panic, or economic depression, is a recurring theme that you will observe occurring every twenty to thirty years or so. Many consider it the “curse of capitalism.” Yet another recurring theme introduced here for the first time is the sectional controversy between North and South over the admission of new states as slave or free— a question which was primarily one of political and economic power, but which increasingly took on a moral character leading to the Civil War.) With its booming population, the North was gaining power in the House of Representatives by 1820, while the South was only able to retain equal power in the South. New states east of the Mississippi had been admitted alternately slave and free to keep a balance, but Missouri, the first new state to be carved out of the Louisiana Purchase, threatened to upset this balance. What were the three elements of the 1820 Missouri Compromise fashioned by Henry Clay? Missouri as a slave