inCable TV
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Cable TV is very similar to terrestrial television with the exception that the signal cable goes all the way to the provider where as terrestrial television goes over the air.
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The main advantage with cable TV is a much better picture particularly with digital cable . Weather, hills and line of sight have no effect on the picture.

Cable TV
A few other features of cable often include; pay-per-view,  broadband Internet (each usually at an additional charge)
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The user is limited to what ever is provided from their cable operator

Cable Networks
Nearly 75 million U.S. households (just under 75 % of total U.S television households) subscribe to a cable television
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Almost more than 80 % market in Pakistan are now watching transmission through cable networks
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Lecture 5 " Cable & Satellite TV"

Cable Networks
Revenue Model :
Each networks monthly service is sold to a cable system operator at a whole sale price.
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The operator then marks up the monthly price , but sells the channel as part of a bundle of services for a flat monthly subscription fees
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Lecture 5 " Cable & Satellite TV"

Cable Networks
Revenue Model :
Some cable networks also benefit from additional revenues derived from domestic or foreign television program sales & advertising revenues
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Prices on cable networks are considerably lower than prices on national broadcast networks
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Lecture 5 " Cable & Satellite TV"

Cable Networks
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Rates paid by cable operators to the networks are less for the smallest or newest networks and some charge nothing at all to encourage a larger base for advertising

Lecture 5 " Cable & Satellite TV"

Cable Networks
Operations :  The costs associated with operating a cable network vary widely, depending upon;
Program Reach Others

content

( quality, Value added services)
Lecture 5 " Cable & Satellite TV"

Cable TV Standards
The Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA) is pleased to make the 'Standards for the Cable Television' Regulations 2003 under Rule 30 of the PEMRA Rules 2002.

Lecture 5 " Cable & Satellite TV"

Cable TV Standards
Performance Standards
Distribution of Television Channels

(1) A Cable Television Operator shall ensure that only eligible channels are distributed through its cable system to the subscribers after proper authorization from the originators/producers or its representative duly licensed by the Authority and that no proscribed channels are added to its cable system for distribution at any time.
(2) A Cable Television Operator shall made provisions in its head-end facilities for

carrying out real-time editing for obscenity, language, violence etc. according to the 'Code of Conduct' of the Pakistan Censor Board.
Lecture 5 " Cable & Satellite TV"

Cable TV Standards
Maintenance of Record
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(1) A Cable Television Operator shall maintain a record which shall be available for inspection by the Authority or its authorized officer and shall contain the following information: (a) Name and address of the subscriber. (b) Date of connection. (c) Connection fee. (d) Monthly subscription fee. (e) No of subscribers including commercial subscribers and their connections. (f) Record of television programs distributed in the last 30 days/one month.
Lecture 5 " Cable & Satellite TV"

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Satellite TV
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Satellite TV comes in two forms, as a part of a subscription package based system or custom built by the user satellite TV can include premium content, pay-per-view and one-way broadband Internet although the broadband Internet is separate from satellite TV broadcasters The main advantage of satellite TV over cable is the ability to freely explore free-to-air channels provided on a wide range of satellites

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Satellite TV

Points to Remember
FTA (Free to Air)  Free-to-air (FTA) television (TV) and radio broadcasts are sent unencrypted and may be received via any suitable