Blood Disorders
Introduction
There are many disorders of blood which some can be treated and cured and others cannot. Every component of blood plays an essential part to make the blood flow evenly and thoroughly throughout the body. There are many disorders that have deficiency for the certain item that should be eating through a daily diet. When the body doesn’t review these certain vitamins and proteins to help the body work correctly it can result in a neurological and internal change of the body. If the deficiency can’t be handling by taken oral medication then there are certain injections to get the body back working correctly. Many disorders are found by blood tests. Blood test is diagnostic for systemic diseases as well as specific blood disorders. Blood analysis measures total blood counts (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets), hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum chemistry, and enzyme and hormone levels within the body (Zelman et al, 2010).
Plasma, red blood cells, and platelets
The fluid part of the blood is called plasma; this is where the red blood cells and platelets flow through in the liquid to get through the circulator parts of the body. Red blood cells make up half of the blood in the body while also being the most abundant. Red blood cells are filled with protein called hemoglobin. The average life span of a red blood cell is 120 days. Old red blood cells are removed from the body by the liver and the spleen (Zelman et al, 2010). Platelets are small no nucleated blood cells that have a vital role in homeostasis and thrombosis and are produced in the bone marrow from megakaryocytes ( Kottke, 2012) .
Iron deficiency anemia
Iron deficiency anemia is the condition in which there is anemia with evidence of iron deficiency (Zelman et al, 2010).Not having enough iron in the body retained from a diet can began the process of being deficient. The average iron intake is 15mg a day for a male and 11 for a female. Iron deficiency can be diagnosed by a physician when the blood cells are viewed under a microscope they can appear to be pencil shape. There are subdue symptoms for iron deficiency having weakness or fatigue is the major ones. Treatment would be iron supplements which can be taken orally or injected into the body.
Vitamin b12 deficiency
The symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency is burning sensation of the tongue, nausea, and vomiting. You can also have blindness of certain colors, weakness and numbness. It would take approximately three to six years for a normal individual to become deficient in vitamin B12 if absorption were to cease abruptly (Zelman et al, 2010). Most children with vitamin B12 deficiency present with non-specific manifestations, such as pallor, failure to thrive, developmental delay, weakness, and irritability (Evim et al 2011). B12 deficiency has been diagnosed in most patients who are on a strict vegetarian diet and have cut these types of proteins out. You may also be diagnosed with B12 deficiency if for medical reasons had partly or fully stomach and intestine removal. The treatment for B12 deficiency would be to receive a B12 injection not orally because it cannot be absorbed by the blood stream.
Sickle Cell Anemia
Sickle cell anemia is a genetically transmitted disorder marked by severe hemolytic anemia, episodes of painful crisis, and increased susceptibility to infections (Zelman et al, 2010). The red blood cells within the body will deoxygenate themselves and cause the blood cell to form a sickle shape throughout the body. There is no cure but, there is ongoing life treatment to the pain and cells to avoid the patient to go into an episode. Treatment can reduce morbidity, improved quality of life, and increased life expectancy is essentially the fact of early follow up after neonatal screening and early prevention of severe complications4. Sickle cell is usually diagnosed during childhood and the treatment of the pain will began then, offering control of the anemia