Biodiversity- BIG IDEAS
• All living things can be classified according to their anatomical (physical appearance) and physiological (how our organs function) characteristics
• Human activities affect the diversity of living things in ecosystems
Homework Notes- Taxonomy, Classification and Binomial Nomenclature
• Classification is the grouping of organisms based on a set of criteria that helps to organize and indicate evolutionary relationships (it can also be sued to classify anything- e.g. baseball teams
• Rank is a level in a classification scheme such as phylum or order
• Taxon is a named group of organisms such as phylum Chordata or order Rodentia
• Order of Classification for Organisms: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species) (Does King Philip Come Over For Great Soup?)
Homework Notes- Domains
• There are 3 domains: Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. Inside the Eukarya, there are four kingdoms: Protista, fungi, plantae and animalia.
• Scientists arrived with the 3 different domains based on the diverse genetic and cellular levels. Once they had the technology, they looked at the cellular and genetic differences.
Homework Notes- Other Terms
• Dichotomous key: an identification tool consisting of a series of two-part choices that lead the user to a correct identification. It has questions: if yes, you go to the next question specified, if no, you go to the other question specified.
Determining How Species are Related
• The goal of
1) Order - Basis of living cells Reproduction - Producing of own kind Growth & Development - Inherited form of DNA Energy Process - Turning food to energy chemically Regulation - Regulating an organism’s habits to have a sustain lifestyle Adaptation - Working with habitats that may have generated years ago 2) Molecule - A cluster of small chemical units called atoms held by chemical bonds to help form an organelle, which is a membrane-enclosed structure that performs a specific…
Membrane bound cells Cells that are surrounded by a membrane Multicellular organisms Organisms that consist of more than one cell Eukaryotes Living organisms Eukaryotic cells Multicellular cells that have complex structures. Ultra structure Cell details Organelles Parts of a cell that have specific jobs/functions Chromatin Contents of the nucleus Thylakoids A network of flattened sacs in the chloroplast Stroma Thick fluid in the chloroplast Hormones Chemical messenger molecules…
Chapter 1 evolution Process of change that has transofmred life on Earth from its earliest beginnings to the diversity of organisms living today. biology Scientific study of life. emergent properties Due to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases. systems biology An approach that attempts to model the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems based on the study of the interactions among the system's parts. levels of biological organization…
Regulation 1. Functions for the vacuole: stores food like proteins, breaks down or stores certain wastes, and keeps the concentration of dissolved substances. How it helps the cell maintain homeostasis: Removing unwanted structural debris, isolating materials that might be harmful or a threat to the cell, maintaining an acidic internal pH, containing small molecule, and exporting unwanted substances from the cell. 2. Functions for the nucleus: stores the cell's DNA and coordinates…
1. Microorganisms (1674) Microscope lens grinder Anton Van Leeuwenhoek accidentally discovers microorganisms in a drop of water. Using his own microscopes, he observes sperm, bacteria and red blood cells. His observations lay the foundation for the sciences of bacteriology and microbiology. 2. The Cell Nucleus (1831) While studying an orchid, botanist Robert Brown identifies a structure within the cells that he terms the "nucleus." 3. Archaea (1977) Carl Woese discovers bacteria are not the…
Biology Genetics Notes For Mendelian Inheritance you need; traits with only two alleles true-breeding plants (produce offspring of the same variety when they self-pollinate) hybridization- mating of two contrasting true-breeding (homozygous) varieties creating the P generation. The hybrid offspring of the P generation= F1 (first fillial) generation. F1 individuals self-pollinate= F2 generation. Mendel's Four Laws 1st- variation is due to alternative versions of genes called alleles. The…
Some Terms Behavior: any observable activity of a living animal Ethology: the study of animal behavior Some examples of behavior include: Moths fly to a light Bluebirds sing, wolves howl, frogs croak Humans dance, play sports, & wage wars Cats stalk mice Two Forms of Behavior Innate: usually genetically-based (nature) Learned: usually environment-based (nurture) Innate behavior can be performed without prior experience Performed (to completion) the 1st time an animal…
Science 10 – Biology Chapter 1 – Tissues, Organs, and Systems of Living Things (Cells) 1.1 – Cell Structure Microscopy – The science of using microscopes to view samples or objects. Micrograph – A photograph taken with a microscope. Microscopes: * Leeuwenhoek Microscope – 250x. Hand held. * Fluorescence – 1500x. Fluorescent stains, glow. * Phase-Contrast Microscope – 1500x. Light Contrast. * BrightField/DarkField – 2000x. Bright/Dark background. * Scanning Electron Microscope…
. Chapter 1 Vocabulary 1. Biosphere: consists of all parts of the planet that are inhabited by living things. 2. Ecosystem: community of living things in an area along with nonliving features of the environment that support the living community. 3. Organism: individual living things. 4. Cells: life’s basic units of structure and function. 5. DNA: chemical response for inheritance. 6. Genes: units of inheritance information. 7. Species: distinct form of…
Biology Concepts Chapter 1: Cells in Action Different types of cells Cell theory Types of microscopes LM, TEM, SEM Cell size Chapter 2: Cell Structure & Function Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Cell theory Plasma membrane Diffusion Osmosis Active transport Bulk transport Cell walls Cellular organelles structure and function Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems Chapter 3: Composition of Cells Water Organic compounds – CHO, Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic acids Minerals Vitamins Enzyme structure…