Tribe/Tribalism:
-Africans didnt/ don’t necessarily separate themselves into these compartments. -connotates specific lifestyles of evolution in society.
-connotation makes Africans seem primitive, because tribes are viewed as a primitive style.
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: can tie along with how myths and stereotypes shape our view.
-european writers would describe African societies by these means, and this shapes how readers view
-a subjective experience
Sahel: shore, desert like the sea, where dessert gives way to the savannah
-trans-saharan trade route-pre 1500
-transhumance occupants- wet and dry seasons
HISORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: made a path for trading between areas in the sahel region: trans saharan trade-(peak) 8th century-16th century
Wet and Dry Seasons: No specific time
-very distinctive
-unpredictable when it will start
-based upon wind patterns
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: limits the time to farm, brings on transhumance, people moving with the seasons
During the wet season, it’s the season for malaria and the tsestse fly.
Tsetse Fly:
-sleeping sickness
-affects large animals, cattle, horses, (livestock).
-makes farming difficult
-affects transportation, food, and decreases the technology abilities.
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: decreases some of the technological advances that some Africans may have had. Decreases food production, more dependent on human labor, makes it difficult for some long distance transportation.
Malaria:
-in the wet areas, the most deadly disease
-some Africans have immunity with sickle cell anemia.
-europeans and americans have more chance of dying when exposed
-affects kids and elderly because of low immune systems.
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: wealth in people, keep having babies because chances are high that they will die before youth.
Also, Europeans seen as week during the 15-18th century, because they have no immunity. Malaria season is also during the wet season, and farming season. AND causes a low life expectancy, and also makes it difficult for Europeans to live in Africa, and move beyond the coast, so it decreases the ability of them to gain a lot of governmental power over the areas.
Griot/oral traditions
-pass down stories from generation to generation
-professional story tellers
-oral traditions
-african languages a lot of the time didn’t have writing systems, so they were mainly dependent of oral traditions and stories.
-can also compare different languages, and see the connections, and can make links with other languages and also other parts of the world.
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: there may have been new interpreations of the stories: brings an issue of bias in the stories, because some of the stories may be changed as they move from griot to griot and as time passes on.
Wealth in People:
-Labor
- who is going to take care of you when youre old
-creates connections with families, and familial links between units.
-more people to do labor, more people to reproduce, more people means more economic stability, and also more power. – can move up in class based on size of the family unit.
-the life expectancy is low, people would have to have more children.
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: allow people to move up in class, and also gives more political power to people based on the size of the family.
Bridewealth:
-exchange between families
-husbands family exchange resources to brides family
-bride leaves household to live with husbands family
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: the brides family is losing someone who is beneficial to them because of the idea of the wealth in people, so the husband reimburses them. Women praised because of their fertility, polygamy.
Age Grades:
-eldersparents marriageinitiation (circumcision)childhood.
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: different levels of importance in a society, establishes job in the society and the family units.
been reviewed in the EWC. Consider the study of African American History. Discuss the importance of African American History as it relates to the development of African American identity and American History. Explain how the omission of African Americans from the study of American History contributes to the marginalization of African Americans. Explain how the lack of information about their race impacts the expectation for achievement among African American children. Does the Obama presidency…
Reina Washington AAS 100 30 November 2012 African American Studies Two films we viewed in class were Higher Learning and American History X. Each of these movies did an excellent job of showing each of the sides of the racial divide in our country. But on the other hand each movie could show a very biased view on the way each race thinks if each one was not showed to the audience. In Higher Learning the story is meant to show how badly African Americans are treated in the world and how unfair…
Ryan Bacon Dr. Johnny Washington AAS 100, Introduction to African American Studies 18 February 2015 Black Culture vs. White Culture Culture has been around for as long as humans were alive and different ethnic groups have cultural differences. There are some large cultural differences between Black and White people. With the opportunities provided with each culture, our lifestyles have taken on different forms. A lot of the differences come from the economic diversity of the two races. For example…
Joseph Lee Response Essay 2 Two Men: W.E.B DuBis and Booker. T Washington for African American After the rise of civilization, African Americans received certain rights in the United States. They now had their rights for education, politics and equality in living standards the whites already held. However, whites could not accept the fact that African Americans gained equal rights as themselves. They believed they were too well to be equalized with blacks who have been slaves. The white…
more blood transfusion? Caucasians or African Americans By: Mit Chauhan 120262700 Epidemiology – HE 300 October 1st, 2014 America is a highly multicultural society. You can see there are Caucasians, Asians, south Asians, African Americans and many more who share the country. Everyone is equal and free. Yet, one can see the vast gap between the health of different races. African Americans are much more likely to die early than white Americans. African Americans are more likely to face chronic…
Black on black violence is an enormous problem in the African-American community. Living in a neighborhood that is mostly minority, many may have witnessed a lot of black on black violence. The black on black violence has continued to arise in many communities and continues to be a problem around the world. Black on black violence is ignorant, and many black Americans should be coming together instead of killing one another. African-Americans people should be helping each other achieve in the world…
Dominic Long Practicum/Soci Dr. Collins 2/25/15 Introduction Racism What impact does the perception of racism have on success dealing with African American education? Well personally speaking I know exactly what the problem is, and it will continue to be an issue as the days, months, and years go on. Too many people still feel like racism should be relevant in today’s living. It originated way back when people were dealing with slavery. For example: Rodney King when the police started forcefully…
of researches examining the relationship between African American males in urban communities and the predictors of high school dropouts in search of finding if there are predictors that contribute to African American males dropping out of high school. While the research done on this subject can contradict itself in many instances, with studies showing support for both sides of the argument I will show how circumstances in fact play a role on African American male’s decision to drop-out of high school…
groups in a negative perspective. Studies show that television programs and commercials mostly show minority ethic groups in scenes that only display violence and crime. In this study, I examine how minority groups are portrayed in network television commercials. I will use examples of commercials from major networks such as ABC, CBS, NBC as a source for my content analysis. The content analysis will demonstrate that my hypothesis -With the low percentage of African Americans and Hispanics present…
possible”( Ashman and Zastrow 2010 p.648). Summary This article addresses racial differences between African American and Whites in the use of advanced directives and attitudes towards hospice care. The goal of the study is to determine if the subject’s views regarding the use of advanced directives and hospice care are influences by cultural difference and values. The subjects in the study were African Americans and Whites, age 65 and greater, they were required to give their consent to participate…
