Over two thirds of the earth today are water, and life on earth would be non-existent without the presence of water. The importance of water is so ample that it is the core of human and animal life, and the very essence for a stable environment. Water is an abundant resource on the earth, making up the majority of the world. There are some physical properties that make water one of the most essential elements for life on earth, most of its physical properties cause an interest to biologists because of its unique molecular configuration, H2O, which is two hydrogen atoms bonded to a single oxygen atom.

Surface tension is one of the properties of water, it is the interconnection of water molecules at the surface of a body of water.
Hydrogen bonding is by the wellspring of this uncommon property. Water solidifies when its atoms are never again moving around enough to break their hydrogen bonds. At the point when water freezes it progresses toward becoming bolted into a crystalline lattice structure, and each water atom bonds to four neighboring particles. The hydrogen bonds take into account the atoms to be kept sufficiently far separated with the goal of keeping ice less dense and thick than liquid water at 4 degrees Celsius. This may not appear like an imperative property, but rather the wellness of the earth would radically change if water was less dense than ice. All of the bodies of water would in the long run freeze over if ice sank, basically making life on Earth unimaginable and impossible. A water molecule is made from one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms, strongly joined to each other with covalent bonds, as water cools underneath 4 C, the hydrogen bonds conform to hold the negatively charged oxygen particles apart, and this creates a crystalline lattice structure which is usually known as ice. Ice floats on water since it takes up around 9% more space than water, so a liter of ice weighs not as much as a liter water. The heavier water dislodges the lighter ice, so ice floats to the top. A result of this is that lakes and streams freeze from the top to the bottom, enabling fish to survive nevertheless when the surface of a lake has frozen over. On the off chance that ice sank, the water would be uprooted to the best and presented to the colder temperature, compelling rivers and lakes to load with ice and freeze solid, making the fish in rivers and lakes