1) The significance of a lower-than-normal hematocrit is an insufficient supply of healthy red blood cells, which can mean anemia, internal bleeding, sickle cell anemia, vitamin deficiency, malnutrition, or over hydration. (emedicinehealth.com/hermtocrit_blood_test) (Jenkins, Kemnitz, & Tortora, 2010 pg. 588).
1B) The effects of a bacterial infection on a hematocrit will raise the white blood cell count which may affect the hematocrit by lowering. (Jenkins, Kemnitz, & Tortora, 2010 pg. 588).
2) In order to form blood cells, pluripotent stem cells generate two further types of stem cells, myeloid stem cells and lymphoid stem cells, which have the capacity to develop into several types of cells, myeloid stem cells begin and complete their development in red bone marrow and give rise to red blood cells, platelets, eosinophil, basophil, neutrophils, and monocytes. Lymphoid stem cells begin their development in red bone marrow but complete in the lymphatic tissues, they give rise to lymphocytes. (Jenkins, Kemnitz, &Tortora 2010 pg. 590)
3) Erythropoiesis is the specific production of red blood cells. Erythropoiesis is speeded up when oxygen delivery to the kidneys falls and slows down when there is sufficient oxygen carrying capacity of blood. (Jenkins, Kemnitz, & Tortora 2010 pg. 593)
4) Nothing would occur if a person with type B blood is given type O because type O blood is a universal donor. (Jenkins, Kemnitz, & Tortora 2010 pg. 595)
5A) Lymphocytes- Play a large role in immune responses
5B) Basophils- liberate heparin, histamine, and serotonin, in allergic reactions that intensify the overall inflammatory response.
5C) Monocytes- phagocytosis
5D) Neutrophils- phagocytosis, destruction of bacteria with lysozyme, defensins, and strong oxidants, such as superoxide, anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hypochlorite anion.
5E) Eosinophil- Combat the effects of histamine in allergic reactions, phagocytize antigens, antibody complexes, and destroy certain parasitic