M2 Compare the role of two complementary therapies with those of more orthodox treatments. Sophie is a 32 year old office worker who has persistent lower back pain. She visited the doctor 3 weeks ago because of severe pain after lifting a heavy box for which the doctor recommended paracetamol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Since then, her pain had improved however is still present. Sitting for long periods of time and housework also adds to the pain. Sophie often finds it difficult to move around as it causes pain, the pain is achy and dull. Also when she touches it, it feels sore. Her pain is worse in the leg and foot and she sometimes feels weak.

Diagnosis

The doctor would start by asking her about her symptoms and would examine her lower back. They would also assess Sophie on her ability to: sit, walk, stand etc. The doctor may also ask her questions about any other illnesses/ injury, also about her lifestyle (work), she may be asked to describe her pain, say what makes it worse or better, any particular event which may have triggered it. After this, the GP may advise Sophie on how to make it better and also may prescribe some pills and let her know of any other treatments. However if the doctor thinks that it is more serious then they will refer her to have an X-ray or MRI scan.

Treatment

Back pain is usually treated with painkillers, Sophie should experience significant improvement within 6 weeks. Research shows that staying active can help with recovery and people who stay active are more likely to recover quicker than people who are not active. This may be proven difficult if the pain is extremely severe however it is good to move around as soon as possible. Also Sophie should try to do stuff which would distract her from the pain (e.g.: go to work). Painkillers such as codeine are extremely effective when it comes to relieving the pain. Codeine can be taken along with paracetamol for a quicker effect.
Side effects of painkillers:
Can be addictive
May not be suitable
Regular exercise will help keep your back strong and healthy. For example walking or swimming. Antidepressants may also be prescribed, as a very small dose and they are effective at treating some back pains.

Acupuncture:

Firstly, the acupuncturist will make a diagnosis using information about your general health, your symptoms, sleep patterns and your diet. They may do different things such as: looking at the colour and shape of your tongue, the therapist may also check your wrist (for a pulse) this is done for information about the health of your internal organs and the body in general. Once the diagnosis has been made, the acupuncturist will explain your specific treatment and what changes to expect through its course.

Some side-effects of