Sumerians use religion to organize and centralized their society. Priests and priestesses provided the needed organization. They claimed taxes to build temples to their gods or goddesses. After Sargon invaded the Sumerians around 2350 B.C.E., Sargon made his daughter Enheduanna high priestess of both Akkadian and Sumerian goddesses Inanna (Sumerian) and Ishtar (Akkadian). Also, human sacrifices were used to satisfy the god Marduk.
Egyptians worshipped in the natural world, and animals. The most important deities were the sun god Re, the Nile spirits Isis, her husband-consort, Osiris and their son, the falcon-god Horus. The king was a deity, believed to be gods who come to earth to bring truth, justice, and order. The connection between religion and political power brought stability to the Old Kingdom.
In his Funeral Oration, how does Pericles describe the government of Athens, and how does it compare it with the government of Sparta?
Pericles described the government of Athens as a government, in which the institutions don’t conflict with each other. They do not copy from their neighbors. They are governed by the many, not controlled by a few. To serve the public is considered to be a reward for your merit, not a privilege like the Spartan view. They see themselves as an example to their neighbors.
How does Pericles describe the proper balances between Athenian citizens' rights as individuals and their responsibility to the city of Athens? What does he mean when he states that "We alone regard a man who takes no interest in public affairs, not as harmless, but as a useless character...?"
Percicle described the Athenian citizens as having freedom but at the same time that they take care of their own
1. Human Prehistory (5-8) Archeological studies and other scientific methods have provided us with a view of human development that begins millions of years ago. Most of the 2 million-plus years of our existence as species has been described as the Paleolithic, or Old Stone, Age. This lengthy time phase, during which both Homo erectus and then Homo sapien sapien made their appearances, ran until about 14,000 years ago. Homo erectus appeared as early as 750,000-500,000 years ago. They stood upright…
Eastern (Sumerian)- http://www.sumerian.org/sumerian.htm http://www.ancientscripts.com/sumerian.html I found these sites to be educational in figuring out what the carvings during the time period were trying to communicate/represent. The website provides how the Sumerian writing system and the Proto-Sumerian Language Invention Process worked. It gives explanations and images for each term, and how they are represented in the time period. (I would like to make a painting using the Sumerian syllabic…
B.C.E. Aramaic [air-uh-MAY-ik] = the Assyrian writing system, which was based on the Sumerian cuneiforms. Assyrians [ah-SEER-ee-uhnz] = the second civilization to settle in Mesopotamia; lived in northern Mesopotamia between 3000 and 612 B.C.E. Aten = one of the Egyptian sun gods, the Aten represented the sun disc itself. Babylonians [bah-buh-LOAN-ee-uhnz] = an ancient civilization that conquered the Sumerians and ruled a vast empire between 1900 and 539 B.C.E. Chariot = a two-wheeled vehicle…
from developing similar irrigation system both were greatly popular in trade. The Egyptians were the masters of trade, and Mesopotamia, which lacked in natural resources, depended on trade to bring in certain goods. The Sumerians and Egyptians learned how to irrigate their land which gave them the advantage of growing surplus food that was used to trade for goods and services. Among the precious resources of the Egyptians were gold, papyrus (Water plant to make a sheets for writing), linen and grain…
world of the Egyptians and Sumerians. 4. In ancient cultures beer would be used as a ‘social’ drink and sometimes be used to show hospitality by drinking from the same cup through straws. Also since beer was believed to be a gift from the Gods it was used as a religious offering in many religious ceremonies by the Sumerians, Egyptians, and Incas. The Chinese used their beer during funerals and other ceremonies. Sumerians also used beer as forms of payment for their people. The Egyptians used beer to…
and Jericho seem to be two of the first experiences with urban living. In the Ancient Near East, daily life was centered on the construction of Ziggurats, or temples, as a place for prayer to many g-ds. In Egyptian culture, Egyptian tombs are said to show evidence for the reconstruction of Egyptian civilization. Architecture in different time periods differs immensely as each civilization’s ideals differs. Whether a civilization is more focused on prayer, funerary reconstruction, or on the basis of…
Egyptians and Mesopotamians The Egyptians and Mesopotamians are very similar and very different. They both played a key part in history. Both believed in polytheism and both had a king or pharaoh. Some differences are that in Mesopotamia the king had to answer to an assembly but the pharaoh was free to do what he pleased. The Egyptians believed that the world was stable and predictable but the Mesopotamians believed that it was unstable. Ancient Egypt was a civilization far ahead of its…
10/16/10 Mr. McGrath AP World History A Compare and Contrast Essay of Egypt and Mesopotamia Egypt and Mesopotamia developed different and similar political and religious civilizations. Mesopotamian civilizations such as the Sumerians, the Akkadian kingdom, the Assyrian empire and the Babylonian city-state, were all too dependent on the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Egypt’s natural isolation and material self-sufficiency fostered a unique culture that for long periods had relatively…
Chapter 1: Notes “The west” refers to Western Europe, but western Europe was the product of peoples and cultures who had lived around the Mediterranean Sea in antiquity, and eventually Europe exported its cultures to much of the rest of the globe. “West” us therefore as much an idea as a place. Civilization is in a way the largest unit within which anyone person might feel comfortable. It is an organizing principle that implied common institutions, economic system, social structures, and…
Egypt had many things going their way, which allowed them to develop better overall than their Mesopotamian counterpart. Mesopotamia did not have the luxuries that Egypt had, which resulted the citizens’ lives to be much harsher than of the Egyptians. It affected the development of government because Egypt was able to grow into one unified nation, while the Mesopotamians were ruled by small city-states. Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia were both polytheistic. Mesopotamia believed in over three…