Exam 1 Study Guide
Chapter 1:
Name one of the founders of modern medicine. Hippocrates *Established a code of ethics for physicians that is still recited in modern form by many graduating medical students – called the Hippocratic Oath
He urged physicians to stop attributing disease to the activities of gods and demons and to seek their natural causes

Define hypokinetic and list examples of diseases that fall into that category. Hypokinetic diseases are conditions that occur from a sedentary lifestyle
Cardiovascular disease
Some forms of cancer
Back problems
Obesity
Type 2 diabetes
Osteoporosis
Mental health
High Blood pressure heart disease
List and describe 2 questionnaires/screening instruments used to determine risk of exercise.
List 2 benefits of exercise for each of the following: -musculoskeletal; Increased muscular strength, Increased flexibility cardiac; Increased heart muscle strength, Decreased exercising heart rate

blood and blood vessel; Reduced clotting, Reduced blood pressure respiratory; Decreased residual volume, Increased pulmonary blood supply

endocrine; Increase glucose tolerance, Increase thyroid gland function

neural Increase tolerance to stress, Reduce tendency for depression

Chapter 2:
List and give an example of each of the different stresses discussed in class. Enviromental- hot,cold, smoke. Physiological- scrap, lots of work, hungry. Mental- screaming, crying, depressed
Define eustress and distress. Eustress = good stress
Distress = bad stress

What does GAS stand for and define. The General Adaptation Syndrome
List and describe 3 levels GAS consists of. Alarm Reaction
Initial response of the body to stress which involves the mobilization of body systems to cope with the immediate stress.
Resistance Development
Long-term changes in body systems to better resist stress (build reserve capacity) in the future. Requires stress to be above a critical level for a period of time (overload)
Exhaustion
Soft tissue injuries resulting from too much stress (overtraining)

Define overload principle. To achieve resistance development, the stress must be above a critical threshold, or load. The body must be pushed into overload. (Eustress vs. Distress) List 4 factors we can measure amount of stress or load in exercise. 1) Increase Load
Increase weight, distance, speed, etc.
2) Increase Repetitions
Increase the number of times the load is applied
3) Decrease Rest
Decrease the time interval between repetitions
4) Increase Frequency
Increase the number of exercise/training sessions per week

Define the following: specificity; reversibility; and individuality. Specificity
Stressing a particular system or body part will not result in the development of a different system or body part
Reversibility
Inactivity for a period of time will lead to a progressive decline in capacity and performance
Individuality
The specific adaptation to a particular stress will differ among individuals

Describe SAID principle.
List 3 ways the intensity of an exercise or training session can be quantified.
Define overtraining syndrome. Overtraining syndrome: training with too high a load or at too great an intensity can result in a high frequency of injury at its worst, or by lingering joint and muscle soreness, general lethargy, altered mood, and altered immune status.

Explain why rest is important in exercise. The process of rebuilding the body’s tissues following a damage-inducing period of exercise is known as adaptive reconstruction and occurs during the periods of rest that follow an exercise or training session.

Name the adverse effects of sleep deprivation. Breaks you down, warn out
Explain the importance of growth hormone in relation to exercise and sleep. . Body temperature is lowest in the 3-4 hours before waking, gradually rises throughout the day, peaks in mid-to-late afternoon, and then drops through the evening, night and early morning.