SAMPLE CITATIONS TO COURT OPINIONS
For purposes of this class only, if you are unable to access a copy of the source(s) you need in order to get the correct COURT &/or YEAR of a decision in this course, then indicate that you have tried to obtain the information by using "X"'s to represent required information that you are unable to obtain.
Examples:
a. State v. Smith, 543 A.2d 436 (xx 19xx)
b. State v. Smith, 67 P.2d 1285 (Colo. xx 19xx)
Citation example (a.) implies a state court opinion for which you were unable to locate the state OR court which rendered it.
Citation example (b.) implies a Colorado state court opinion for which you were unable to locate the court which rendered it.

1. Frank v. Frank, 193 Miss. 605, 10 So. 2d 839 (1943)
2. Hawthorne v. Walton, 72 Nev. 62, 294 P.2d 364 (1956)
3. Jefferson v. Anchorage, 513 P.2d 1099 (Alaska 1973)
Citation examples numbered 1, 2 and 3 are all state supreme court decisions. Citation examples number 1 and 2 have parallel citations. Since the state court reporters indicate which state issued the opinion and since the opinion was rendered by the highest court in that state, there is no need to indicate the state in the parentheses (it is assumed that the highest court rendered the opinion unless a lower court is specifically named). Citation example number 3 only has a regional reporter. Since there is no parallel state reporter which would indicate the state which issued the opinion, it is necessary to indicate the state in the parentheses.

4. Horner v. Horner, 22 So. 2d 791 (Fla. 3d DCA 1969)
Citation example number 4 is an intermediate state appellate court opinion. Since there is no parallel state court reporter, it is necessary to indicate the state in the parentheses. Since this is not the highest appellate court in the state, it is also necessary to indicate which court rendered the decision.

5. Hart v. Latz, Inc., 260 So. 2d 731 (Fla. 2d DCA 1971), rev. den., 294 So. 2d 788 (Fla. 1972)
Citation example number 5 is a "string cite" with history indicated. Here, this case was appealed to an intermediate appellate court and then appealed to the Florida Supreme Court. The review was denied by the Florida Supreme Court.

6. Campbell v. United States, 250 F. Supp. 941 (E.D. Pa.