Title of Research Paper

By
Your First and Last Name

College Prep English 4
Ms. McClung
3 March 2015

Research Notes
Source Information (Parenthetical Reference)
Quotations or paraphrased passages
Summary of Source and Insights
(BBC)
More than 9,000 child soldiers have been fighting in South Sudan's brutal civil war, UN human rights chief Navi Pillay has said.

(War Child)
There are an estimated 250,000 child soldiers in the world today.

As part of their recruitment, children are sometimes forced to kill or maim a family member - thus breaking the bonds with their community and making it difficult for them to return home.

It is estimated that 40% of all child soldiers are girls. They are often used as 'wives' (i.e. sex slaves) of the male combatants.

(Zavis)
The conflict tearing the Central African Republic apart has not only turned neighbor against neighbor. It has brought childhood to a halt.

Children barely in their teens still accompany bands of fighters along the rutted 100-mile road from Bangui, the capital, to Charly's hometown, Sibut. Even by day, the road is dangerous. Armed men menace travelers from makeshift roadblocks; other fighters march the winding route with rifles and machetes slung over their shoulders and protective amulets draped around their necks.

(Gettleman)
In the early 1980s, in the lowlands of Mozambique, a new technology of warfare emerged that would sweep across Africa and soon the rest of the world: the child soldier. bi Today, human rights groups say, there are 300,000 child soldiers worldwide. And experts say the problem is deepening as the nature of conflict itself changes — especially in Africa

(Grave)
“When girls are first abducted, it is the same as for boy soldiers,” Akallo told IPS. “They are beaten and mistreated, they are trained to become child soldiers, given AK-47s, and forced to kill

(Children and armed conflict)
Forced recruitment, where many children were abducted and beaten into submission, was for a long time the archetype of child soldiering.

The distinction between “voluntary” enlistment and forced recruitment is without meaning because even if children join on a “voluntary” basis, it is a desperate attempt to survive. Ultimately it is the decision of adult commanders to recruit children and they have to be held accountable for their acts

“In the early 1980s, in the lowlands of Mozambique, a new technology of warfare emerged that would sweep across Africa and soon the rest of the world: the child solider” (Gettleman). Over thousands of children have been recruited, kidnapped or manipulated into becoming soldiers. This act is morally repugnant but is practiced in three- quarters of the world. The children start to believe that the only way to survive would be to help protect their country as young as the age eight. The U.S and other countries should take evasive action to help prevent children soldiers around the world.
Female soldiers being used in the war seem to be increasing. Women who have been abducted or simply just find their way into recruiting are treated the same way the men are treated. “When girls are first abducted, it is the same as for boy soldiers,” Akallo told IPS. “They are beaten and mistreated, they are trained to become child soldiers, given AK-47s, and forced to kill” (Grave). Women are not treated differently from other men. Nearly half of child soldiers used in global conflict today are women. “It is estimated that 40% of all child soldiers are girls. They are often used as 'wives' (i.e. sex slaves) of the male combatants” (War Child). They are forced to be sex slaves for the commanders or for any of the men that need sexual healing. The women not used as sex slaves are soldiers, belonging to this group gives them a sense of control and power they have not been able to experience in their original environment. Grace Akallo was a one of the abducted soldiers; she was taken