Presentation Note: remember, we will be doing a full presentation on the facts we choose.
When doing your research make sure to find sources with plenty of facts for you to research. Also make sure you fully understand the information you are presenting so you can answer questions from the class if there are any. DO NOT write out your presentation word for word, Jasmine will be copying and pasting there facts into our presentation for reference, not as a script. also, Grant, I changed your subject to a broader topic that would be easier to find research on.

then and now (Shelby)
● healers are associated with ancestral deities
● healers is someone who cures, or treats illnesses or injuries to get that person back to healthy living
● to be a healer it includes you being determined, ambitious, have the proper resources, and to be disciplined
● healers have to have the mastery of field forces in water, land, forest, ancestral sphere and kinship
● a family with a past of healing art is likely to continue the tradition of healers methods and practices (Grant)
● History and Cultural Relations
● Contemporary views in Igbo scholarship dismiss completely earlier claims of Jewish or Egyptian origin—that is, "the Hamitic hypothesis"—as "the oriental mirage." Instead, there are two current opinions as a result of evidence derived from several sources that take into account oral history, archaeology, linguistics, and art history. One suggests the Awka­Orlu uplands as the center of Igbo origin, from which dispersal took place. The second and more recent opinion suggests the region of the Niger­Benue confluence as the area of descent some five thousand years ago, and the plateau region, that is, the Nsukka­Okigwe Cuesta, as the area of Igbo settlement. This first area of settlement would include Nsukka­Okigwe and Awka­Orlu uplands. The southern Igbo would constitute areas of later southward migration.

● Until about 1500, major economic, social, and political transformations led to continuous outward migrations from overpopulated and less fertile Igbo core areas to more fertile lands, particularly east of the lower Niger River. The Igbo had cultural relations with their various neighbors, the Igala, Ijaw

(Ijo), Urhobo, Edo, and Yoruba. From 1434 to 1807, the Niger coast was a contact point between
European and African traders. This was also the period of trade in slaves; this activity resulted in the development of many centralized states owing to greater economic accumulation and the development of more destructive weapons of war. The Portuguese came to Nigerian coastal towns between the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries; they were the first Europeans to make contact with the Igbo. The Dutch followed in the seventeenth century, and the British came in the eighteenth century. In the late nineteenth century, mission
Christianity
and colonialist interest worked together for the colonization of Igboland. The Church Missionary Society and the Catholic Mission opened their missions in Onitsha in 1857 and 1885, respectively.
●

http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Igbo.aspx

●

●

Religion and Expressive Culture

●

Religious Beliefs. Although many Igbo people are now
Christians
, traditional Igbo religious practices still abound. The traditional Igbo religion includes an uncontested general reverence for
Ala or Ana, the earth goddess, and beliefs and rituals related to numerous other male and female deities, spirits, and ancestors, who protect their living descendants. Revelation of the will of certain deities is sought through oracles and divination. The claim that the Igbo acknowledge a creator
God
or Supreme Being, Chukwu or Chineka, is, however, contested. Some see it as historical within the context of centralized political formations, borrowings from
Islam
and Christianity, and the invention of sky (Igwe) gods. The primordial earth goddess and other deified