POLI 357 FINAL FIRST STEP TO SOLVING A PROBLEM IS IDENTIFYING IT
CH 15 Policy Design
Stakeholder Analysis: The people who will be effected by the policy change. Provide incentive for things people would otherwise not do (IE pay taxes), and pay firms to prevent them from taking an action (endorsing drug use).
Law of unintended consequences: failure to anticipate how a stakeholder may react to a policy. (IE ban on nudity in public “except for artistic purposes”)
Perverse incentives: opposite intended effect. Behavior of people changes with policy implementation.
Distribution: may not affect people evenly.
Policy process: POSSIBLE ESSAY QUESTION
1. Identify benefit/goal
2. Observe why the market has no resolve desirable outcome
3. Institutions
4. Evaluate options
5. Political landscape
6. Make policy decision
7. Build a coalition
8. Monitor, fix, expand
9. Repeat
Critically think about what the outcome will be by addressing these steps.
CH 14 Role of Institutions
Define management practices

1. Aggregating preferences: grouping together the preference of the relevant group.
2. Implementing and enforce decisions: how the institution enforces, regulates and incents the policy.
3. Protecting the Minority representation
14.3
Type of institution to utilize (Institutional Analysis) Attributes x 7
Authority – police over citizens, military over soldiers, autocrats over governace
Legitimacy ep. citizen preference
Mission/goals- clearly stated
Budget
Internal Incentives
Enforcement
Rule
Efficiency
14.6 Conclusion Good institutions are a prerequisite for good policy.
1. Quality and nature of the institution = the same as the policy outcome
2. Same set of preferences through different institutions will yield different results
3. Different institutions give of different power to different parties
4. Lack of institutions can make it difficult to address a policy problem efficiently
5. Existing structures are hard to change, depending on political climate
6. Political manipulation to influence favorable outcomes.

Guest Speaker James Coleman: Energy, Environment, International Policy
Focus on Canadian Oil regulation, as the market is expanding and there is new production.
Equals increased pressure on regulation for climate change prevention
Halting and slowing down, works more immediately than new policies (role of lobbyist)
Foreign reg. may not be legal to reg. foreign production of a product. There is not consensus on the issue. However, international incentives can be imposed to help both countries reduce emissions.
Countries: will try and influence output until a treaty is given.
Reg. of: emissions, consumption, extraction
CH. 13 Policy Program and Improvements
Evaluation: the measure of performance in an organization or agency.
Value for Money: a consideration in policy evaluation. IE was the perceived social benefit worth the funds?
Auditing: performance- insurance of best practice, not necessarily political. A look at program efficiency.
Financial
Crown Corporations: encompass the above.
CABINET Decisions- Assessments on Government Expenditures
1. Public Interest
2. Role of Government
3. Federalism
4. Partnership – private/volunteer sector involvement
5. Value for Money
6. Affordability
7. Efficiency
Public reporting: government accountability- posted on websites for public access
Limitations: Vague policy goals, politics with incentive to hide policy inefficiencies.
Measurement: Situational ambiguity, incentives, authority
CH. 9 Miljan Family Policy
Definition of Family has evolved since policy was first enacted in 1945.
Encompass many policy sectors: social welfare, social services, income tax regulation, civil and criminal code, economic goals.
Change of the Family unit
Number of Families: increased in number of family households
Shrinking families: less people in the family unit
Tradition vs Non-traditional: 1950’s patriarch model of family has changed, policy includes different family structures.
Fractured