The chemical equation for the process of photosynthesis is given as:

The photosynthesis equation is a simple representation for a very complex natural process.

Leaf

The leaves are the organs for photosynthesis. It is where photosynthesis takes place. The structures of leaves are adapted for efficient photosynthesis:

Adaptation
Function
Large surface area
Most leaves are broad and so have a large surface area allowing them to absorb more light.
A thin shape
A thin shape means a short distance for carbon dioxide to diffuse in and oxygen to diffuse out easily.
Chlorophyll
This chemical gives the leaves their green colour and transfers light energy to chemical energy.
Veins
Networks of veins support the structure of the leaf and transport substances to and from the cells in the leaf.
Stomata
These are small holes on the underside of the leaf that allow gases to diffuse in and out.

Structure of a Leaf

Layer & Adaptation
Function
Cuticle:
Waterproof
The cuticle is a waxy, waterproof layer, which cuts down the water lost by evaporation, and protects against parasitic fungi.
Upper Epidermis:
Transparent
A single layer of cells that are transparent and contain no chloroplast allowing light to pass straight through.
Palisade Layer:
Contains chloroplasts
This layer is made up of palisade cells, which contain chloroplasts. This is where most of the photosynthesis takes place.
Vein:
The vein contains tubes called the xylem and phloem. The xylem brings water and salts