Observing the Effects of Different Added Stresses to the Equilibrium

SCH4U
Lab # 4
Period 4
Submitted by: Steven Yin
Partners: Jason Wigmore, Austin Januczkowski
Submitted to: Dr. Turner
Date of Submission: December 2 , 2014

PURPOSE: To observe the qualitative differences between adding base and acid to a NaCl solution, as well as the effects of adding AgNO3 solution and giving and taking away heat from a solution of CoCl and HCl.
MATERIALS:
Equipment Reagents - 5 test-tubes - sodium chloride solution - 5 medecine droppers - hydrochloric acid - retort stand - cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate - 2 test-tube clamps - silver nitrate - test-tube rack - 4 50 ml beakers - 2 500 ml beakers - 150 ml beaker -hot plate - water - ice

PROCEDURE: Safety: 1) Protective goggles were sanitized using acetic acid with napkin to avoid the spread of bacteria and influence sight. 2) put on goggles and gloves, to be worn for the duration of the lab, are adorned. 3) When handling acids, bases, and silver nitrate, extreme caution was undertaken in order to avoid exposing skin to these potentially harmful chemicals. 4) When transferring chemicals from one container to the others, the pouring was observed carefully to ensure that no solution was outflow. 5) The hot plate was not left unattended while turned on .

Activity 1: 1) Completed an organise table to contain the data collected. 2)Assembled the test-tube rack as well as the 3 test-tubes, labelled A, B and C in order to the reactions occuring in each very clearly. 3) Placed the test-tubes into the test-tube rack. 4) Using a graduated cylinder and medecine dropper, measured out aprroximately 5 ml of saturated sodium chloride solution three times, each 5.0 ml portion to be put in a respective test-tube. 5) Measured out 1.0 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid using a graduated cylinder and medecine dropper and added to the test-tube A 6) Measured out 10.0 ml of 50% W/V sodium hydroxide using graduated cylinder and medecine dropper, and added to the test-tube B 7) Recorded any observed changes of the solutions into the data table after allow in the solutions to settle, using test-tube C as a reference point.

Activity 2: 1) Filled the two 500 ml beakers with water. 2) Put ice in the first 500 ml beaker, and the second 500 ml beaker was put onto the hot plate. 3) Set up the retort stand with one clamp hanging over the ice bath, and the other over the water putting on top of the hot plate. 4) Placed 30 ml of cobalt chloride solution into the 150 ml beaker, and poured approximately 13 ml of hydrochloric acid into the same beaker until the solution changes colour from red to blue. 5) Divided the cobalt chloride-hydrochloric acid solution equally into the four 50 ml beakers . 6) Poured the contents of the first 50 ml beaker into a test-tube, and then put that test-tube into the test-tube clamp suspended over the hot plate, lowered it into the water, and turned the hot plate on, ensuring that the solution did not boil. 7) Poured the contents of the second 50 ml beaker into another test-tube, and put this test-tube into the test-tube clamp suspended over the ice bath, and then lowered it into the water. 8) Into the third 50 ml beaker, approximately 1.0 ml of silver nitrate was putted. 9) After approximately ten minutes, the test-tubes were taken out of their clamps, and the silver nitrate solution, were compared to the original solution, still present in a 50 ml