Literature review 2.1 Shrew species: 2.1.1 Genus Suncus Suncus murinus (house musk shrew) lives in close proximity with human. It is widely distributed in Asia, Southwest Pacific Island and East Africa ( Meegaskumbura & Scheneider,2009 ; Adjei et al., 2005). This species has been domesticated since 1973 to provide diversity in the type of animal used in biomedical research such as to study the effect of emetic and anti emetic drugs since it is one of the few mammalian species that vomits in response to emetic drugs. Furthermore, it is suggested that insectivore is a more appropriate models of physiological and pharmacological activity than commonly used animals such as mice and rodents since it lies more directly in the ancestral lineage…show more content… They are inconspicious small mammals that are difficult to trap and are often poorly represented in the museum. The different taxa are very similar in many aspect of external morphology making it often impossible for critical comparison (Ruedi, 1994; TEZ, 2000). Previous study based on univariate comparison of skull and external characters reported that only four species can be recognised with confidence. They are C.fuliginosa, C. Monticola, C attenuata and C.maxi. (Ruedi, 1994). It is also reported that there are no structure that can separate Crocidura form Suncus on the basis of lower dentition (Repenning, 1967). However, Crocidura is characterised by the possession of three upper unicuspid teeth and some species has bristle hairs on the tail (Jenkins et al.,…show more content… In this study, seven species of eagle (H.albicilla, H. Leucocephalus, H.leucoryphus, H.leucogaster, H sanfordi, H.pelagicus, and H.vocifer) were studied for their phylogenetic relationship. Using maximum parsimony and neighbour joining tree building method it shows that sea eagles represent a monophyletic group (Wink, Heidrich & Fentzloff, 1996). Cytochorme B and also 12s rRNA has been used in phylogenetics study of Felidae consisting of ocelot and domestic cat lineage (Masuda et al., 1996). The specimens include individuals form domestic cat lineage (F.catus, F.libya, F.silvestris, F.chaus, F.margarita and F.nigripes), species form diverse intermediate ( puma, cheetah and large sized cat) and ocelot lineage. Data analysis were done based on maximum parsimony and neighbour joining method. Both gene produced monophyletic group and supported more recent intralineage relationship. Previous study of species identification and phylogeny of Owl Monkey (genus Aotus) has also been done using five mitochondrial regions and the nuclear, Y-linked, SRY genes. 18 specimens were sequenced from different species namely A.nancymaae, A.trivirgatus, A.infulatus, A.vociferans, A.lemurinae, A.griseimembra, A.nigriceps and A.azare boliviensis. Maximum likelihood tree building method and Bayesisan topologies were used to analyse the
