Diatomic harmony: comfort to the ears
Sonata: a (usually) multi movement work for a solo instrument with or without keyboard accompaniment.
First movement of pieces in symphony gives balance, logic and easily identifiable structure
Homophony: melody with accompanying harmony
Minuet: stately/sprightly dance in 3/4 time, inspired by a Baroque dance form
Patronage system: Musicians as servants, Wrote/performed music for social events
Scherzo: a movement of pieces, fast movement and Beethoven put that in second movement that usually a slow movement. Replace minuet in future
Symphony: a multi movement work for orchestra usually 4 movements
Be able to summarize the broad spirit of the Classical and Romantic eras, including general trends and innovations in science, literature, art, and society.
Classical eras
Romantic eras
-Balance, simple, diatomic harmony , Homophonic texture

-Rome and Greek
-Industrial revolution, American and French revolution.
-Balance
-Expressive harmony= Chromaticism and dissonance, Memorable melodies, Making instruments “sing”
- Music moved from palace and church to concert hall
- Bohemian artists. Passionate and fanciful -Passion
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827): born Bonn, Germany. He learns music from his father. He is a composer and concert pianist. He moved to Vienna when he was 22. He struggle with the Patronage system. He has 3 style periods. Lose his hearing in late 20 and totally deaf in mid 40
Three style periods:
Early: music late classical eras.
30-40: heroic period. Individual active, passion
Late: experimental music
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791): he is Austrian composer, pianist, and violinist and learns music from his father. Child prodigy, he struggle with the Patronage system and become freelance musician at age 25. He died