studies and not experimental research. Freud based his theory on the memories of adult patients, not on observation and the study of children. Criticisms of Freudian Theory Freudian psychoanalysis was challenged in the 1920’s by Otto Rank, Sandor Ferenczi, Willhelm Reich and later in the 1930’s by Karen Horney, Erich Fromm and Harry Stack Sullivan. These critics of Freud stressed the interpersonal aspect of the analyst-patient relationship (transference) and placed more emphasis on the processes of…
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