BIOGRAPHY
Mahatma Karamchand Gandhi was born October 2nd, 1869 in Porbandar, India. He was one of the most respected, spiritual and political leaders of the 1900’s.
Mahatma means “Great Soul”

He helped free the Indian people from British rule through non-violent resistance, and is honoured by Indians as the father of the Indian Nation.
At the age of 13, Gandhi married Kasturba. There parents arranged the marriage. They had 4 children. Gandhi then studied law in London and returned to India in 1891 to practice. In 1893 he did legal work in South Africa.

At that time the British controlled South Africa. When he claimed his rights as a British subject he was abused, and soon saw how the Indians suffered. He stayed in South Africa for 21 years working on securing rights for Indians.

In 1915, he returned to India and within 15 years he became the leader of the Indian nationalist movement.

He was sent to jail many times for his activities in South Africa and India. He believed it was honourable to jail for just a cause. He spent seven years in total in jail for his political activities.

Gandhi developed a method based on the principles of courage, nonviolence, and truth called Satyagraha. He believed that how they behave is more important then what they achieve. Satyagraha promoted nonviolence for obtaining the political and social goals. Using this principle he led the campaign for Indian independence form Britain.

India was granted independence in 1947, and was separated into India and Pakistan.
Rioting between Hindus and Muslims began and Gandhi became and advocate for a united India (where Hindus and Muslims lived together peacefully).
In some cases Gandhi used fasting to impress upon others the need to be non-violent.

January 13th 1948, at the age of 78, he fasted in order to stopping the bloodshed between the Hindus and Muslims. After 5 days the leaders agreed to stop the fighting and the fasting stopped. Twelve days later a Hindu fanatic, Nathuram Godse who opposed his program of tolerance for all creeds and religion assassinated him.

GANDHI’S MISSION Gandhi’s main mission was to make South Africa independent from British. Because of the independence that was granted Pakistan and India were separated. This caused a riot therefore his other mission was to make Hindus and Muslims to live peacefully together.

WHAT WAS GANDHI FIGHTING FOR? Gandhi was fighting for non-violence, peace and conflict resolution. He was fighting for this between India and Britain and Muslims and Hindus.

WHAT WAS HE CHALLENGING?
Gandhi was challenging the British government to stop the violence towards India and to let India be independent.
He also challenged the Hindus and Muslims to stop their rioting towards each other and to live peacefully together.

WHAT SOCIAL NORMS/VALUES WAS HE OPPOSED TO?
Gandhi was opposed to violence which shown in the war against the British as well as the war between the Hindus and Muslims. He showed nonviolence by choosing to use the Satyagraha method (based on principles of courage, nonviolence, and truth). Also, e fought for conflict resolution between the Hindus and the Muslims. Although the two were separated he wanted them to live peacefully together.

HOW ARE THEY A BE-ATTITUDE PERSON?

Poor in spirit- Gandhi was not attached to material possession which was shown in his effort to get away from the British. He made (Hand-spun) his own clothing instead of buying and benefitting the British. Therefore he only had a few clothes and it never bugged him. Also, he showed that