Chapter 4 lec notessss

Metabolism : releases energy .. energy gets “parked” aka stored as atp
Electrons transport = re-oxidizing ( exergonic process )
Net result of electron transport : ( what actually changes) .. its really a pathway something reduced/ re-oxidized.
NADH gets oxidized last thing that gets reduced is O2.
Arranged in specific order along electron transport chain : increasingly positive reduction potential.. reflects the idea that electrons move towards the one that is more positive.
Type of organization: where there physically located… location in inner mitochondrial cell.. double membrane
Orientation of mitochondrial membrane… what does in and out mean?.. inside called matrix.. outside is inner membrane space –( represents permeability barrier).
How do you go from an exergonic reaction to a reaction that produces atp? It happens in two steps: 1. The energy that comes from .a oxidation/ reduction rxn .. its is first used to move “ something across membrane aka H+ atoms .. (active transport)
Active transport : endergonic process. If you have situation where you need to put in energy aka movement positive.. you have active transport
Ex: lets say you have a membrane with some concentration and you have molecules that are present on both side.. membrane semi permeable .. Process of moving a molecule across.. will be endergonic or exergonic (+) or (-).. 2. Uses passive transport ( release of energy) so protons can move through enzyme protein ..
Moving against concentration gradient .. is active transport.
You use energy to move hydrogen ion across membrane ( move from inside to outside) ( endergonic direction by using active transport) Chemiosmotic theory : explains how the energy from electron transport and oxidative phosphoraltion are the connected? The energy of one is used to drive another.. they are coupled reactions.
Note: If reaction is unfavorable,.. just b/c you have a good enzyme doesn’t mean that the reaction will take place.
Side note: hydrogen ion aka proton just another way of saying it. Or you can say there is a difference of pH and that would also mean that we are talking about hydrogen ions.. why is that? b/c pH is –log of ion .. there the same thing ( he said this was a really good multiple choice type question )
Potential difference: difference in charge
There are more hydrogen ions there are more in inner membrane space.. which = lower pH.. how do we know that ? b/c we can measure it .. so what does this tell you ? this leads to the chiosmotic theory.

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